团头鲂幼鱼对不同浓度胆碱的利用率及7种常见饲料原料中胆碱生物学效价的评定  

UTILIZATION OF CHOLINE IN DIFFERENT LEVELS AND DIETARY CHOLINE AVAILABILITY VALUES IN SEVEN COMMON FEED INGREDIENTS FOR JUVENILE BLUNT SNOUT BREAM, MEGALOBRAMA AMBLYCEPHALA

作　　者：王敏[1] 蒋广震[1] 刘文斌[1] 钱妤[1] 朱杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学动物科技学院特种经济动物与水产系,江苏省水产动物营养重点实验室,南京210095

出　　处：《水生生物学报》2014年第1期51-57,共7页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项–国家大宗淡水鱼类产业技术体系资金资助(项目编号:CARS-46-20);农业公益性行业科研专项–水产养殖动物营养需求与高效配合饲料开发(项目编号:201003020)资助

摘　　要：研究常见饲料原料中胆碱的生物学效价,为渔用配合饲料配制提供基础数据。试验选取团头鲂[平均体重(3.5±0.1)g]990尾,以酪蛋白、明胶等原料配制4个氯化胆碱添加水平(0、1030、1230、1430 mg/kg)的纯合饲料,并在1030 mg/kg的基础上分别添加7种常见饲料原料(鱼粉、豆粕、菜粕、棉粕、次粉、麸皮、米糠),使得各组配合饲料中胆碱含量为1230 mg/kg,共11组,每组3重复,饲养8周。根据肝脏胆碱沉积量和试验鱼胆碱摄食量,评定团头鲂幼鱼对不同浓度的胆碱利用率和这7种原料中胆碱的生物学效价。结果表明:在4个纯和饲料中,肝脏胆碱沉积量和增重率随着饲料胆碱水平从0到1230 mg/kg饲料的增加而显著上升(P<0.05),并在饲料胆碱水平从1230到1430 mg/kg饲料的增加而差异不显著(P>0.05);在同一胆碱水平(1230 mg/kg)的条件下,原料组的增长率均高于对照组;团头鲂幼鱼对鱼粉、豆粕、菜粕、棉粕、次粉、麸皮和米糠的胆碱生物学效价分别为87.42%、112.54%、76.84%、98.00%、95.91%、43.88%、91.5%。分析可知,团头鲂生产饲料中尚需要额外添加氯化胆碱方能满足其对胆碱的需要,实际添加量与饲料所使用的原料有关。To evaluate dietary choline availability values in juvenile blunt snout breamMegalobrama amblycephala, an 8-week feeding trial was conducted with seven common feed ingredients. Choline chloride was fortified to the basal diet that contained 310 g/kg diet from vitamin-free casein and gelatin to formulate four purified diets containing 0, 1030, 1230 and 1430 mg/kg choline, respectively. These four purified diets were used to generate a standard curve to evaluate choline availability in seven diets containing the following common feed ingredients： fish meal （FM）, soybean meal （SBM）, rapeseed meal （RSM）, cottonseed meal （CSM）, wheat middling （WM）, wheat bran （WB） and rice bran （RB）. The choline in seven diets was 1230 mg/kg including 1030 mg/kg choline chloride. Three groups ofMegalobrama am-blycephala with initial average weight （3.5±0.1） g were fed randomly with each diet in a flow-through system. Our re-sults indicated that weight gain and liver choline concentration were significantly increased for higher dietary choline levels （P 〈0.05） in four purified diets. Based on liver choline data, choline availability values were 87.42%, 112.54%, 76.84%, 98%, 95.91%, 43.88% and 91.5% in FM, SBM, RSM, CSM, WM, WB and RB, respectively. These findings demonstrate that choline chloride should be fortified in feeds, which depends on ingredients.

关 键 词：团头鲂 胆碱 饲料原料 生物学效价 

分 类 号：S693.73[农业科学—园艺学]