太平洋鳕染色体核型及银染分析  

CHROMOSOME KARYOTYPIC ANALYSIS AND Ag-NORs OF PACIFIC COD GADUS MACROCEPHALUS

作　　者：范瑞[1] 姜志强[1] 李雅娟[1] 高小强[1] 钱聪[1] 高敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学农业部北方海水增养殖重点实验室,大连116023

出　　处：《水生生物学报》2014年第1期115-120,共6页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)(2012AA10A413)资助

摘　　要：以野生太平洋鳕为材料,采用植物血球凝集素(PHA)及秋水仙素体内注射法,取头肾细胞经低渗、固定后,常规空气干燥法制备染色体标本,并对其染色体核型进行了分析。结果表明,太平洋鳕的二倍体染色体数目为2n=46,核型公式为:2n=8m+6sm+20st+12t,NF=60,即有4对中部着丝点染色体、3对亚中部着丝点染色体、10对亚端部着丝点染色体和6对端位着丝点染色体,染色体臂数为NF=60;染色体经银染后,Ag-NORs在不同间期细胞中表现出多态性,数目为1—3,其中2个Ag-NORs的频率最高(82%);在分裂相中,具有1个Ag-NORs的频率最高(87.1%),且在第12对亚端部着丝点染色体的一条带有明显的次缢痕,为Ag-NORs所在区域,并未发现Ag-NORs联合现象及性别相关的异型染色体。Lymphocytes were collected and utilized for Ag-staining to study the karyotype ofwild Pacific Cod （Gadus macrocephalus）. The results showed that the diploid chromosome number ofGadus macrocephaluswas 2n=46, and their karyotype was composed of four pairs of metacentric chromosome, three pairs of submetacentric chromosome, ten pairs of subtelocentric chromosome, six pairs of telocentric chromosome, and 60 chromosome arms. Thus, the karyo-typic formulae are 2n=46=8m＋6sm＋20st＋12t and NF=60. The quantification of Ag-NOR sites in interphase/ metaphase cells demonstrated the polymorphisms from one to three. In the interphase, the frequency of two Ag-NORs was 82%, and in the metaphase, 87.1% cells had one Ag-NOR. The secondary constriction was observed in the No.12 subtelocentric chromosome, where Ag-NORs located. No Ag-NORs combination and sex related heteromorphic chro-mosome were found in the current study.

关 键 词：太平洋鳕 染色体 核型 银染 

分 类 号：Q343.2[生物学—遗传学]