贵阳市3种蔬菜害虫幼虫寄生性天敌田间抑制作用调查与评价  

Investigation and Evaluation of Parasitoids on Larvae of Three Main Insect Pests in Vegetable Production in Guiyang Area

作　　者：孙翠英[1] 赵龙[1] 罗庆怀[1] 王丹[1] 罗志维[1] 

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学生命科学学院,贵阳550001

出　　处：《长江蔬菜》2014年第2期64-69,共6页Journal of Changjiang Vegetables

摘　　要：小菜蛾、菜青虫和豆野螟是贵阳市为害最重的3种蔬菜害虫,也是田间化学杀虫剂用量最多的3种蔬菜害虫。然其田间自然抑制力也较强,2 a在田间的调查显示,小菜蛾幼虫寄生性天敌3种,菜青虫寄生性天敌4种,豆野螟幼虫寄生性天敌2种,对小菜蛾幼虫寄生率最高可达44.00%(5月下旬),对菜青虫寄生率最高可达38.33%(5月中旬),对豆野螟幼虫寄生率最高可达48.94%(8月上旬)。同时了解了这些幼虫寄生性天敌的周年消长特点,结合贵阳市自然生态特点对寄生性天敌昆虫的自然控制力进行了初步分析,对其保护利用提出相关建议,认为如果在蔬菜地全部或大部分用药都是生物源杀虫剂的话,害虫天敌将成为蔬菜上抑制害虫大发生最重要的因素。Plutella xylostella （L.）, Pier/s rapae L. and Maruca vitrata Fabricius are three main insect pests on vegetable production in Guiyang city, which lead to the largest application amount of chemical pesticides in vegetable fields. But the natural controlling capacity of parasitoids on their larvae in field was stronger than imagine, and the results of two years＂ field investigation showed that, there were three parasitoids of Plutella xylostella （L.） larvae with the highest parasitic rate of 44.00% in late May, four parasitoids of Piens rapae L. larvae with the highest parasitic rate of 38.33% in middle May, and two parasitoids of M. vitrata Fabricius larvae with the highest parasitic rate of 48.94% in early August. In the paper, we investigated the annual dynamics of the parasitoids, and studied the natural controlling capacity of the parasitoids according to the natural ecological characteristics of Guiyang city. Then we pointed out relative suggestions on protecting the parasitic natural enemy insects, and we thought the parasitoids would become the most important factor to restrain the outbreak of the three insect pests while biological insecticides were used widely in vegetable fields.

关 键 词：小菜蛾 菜青虫 豆野螟 幼虫寄生性天敌昆虫 消长 贵阳 

分 类 号：S476.3[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]