有机朗肯循环模拟及涡旋式膨胀机的性能研究  

The Simulation of ORC and Experimental Study on Scoll Expander

作　　者：高鹏[1] 江龙[1] 王丽伟[1] 宋分平 王如竹[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学制冷与低温工程研究所动力机械与工程教育部重点实验室,上海200240

出　　处：《制冷学报》2014年第1期53-57,118,共6页Journal of Refrigeration

基　　金：教育部新世纪优秀人才计划(NCET-11-0333)资助项目;上海市浦江人才计划;上海市科委国际合作项目(11160706000)资助~~

摘　　要：近些年来，太阳能作为一种可再生能源受到了广泛的关注。其中利用太阳能集热器实现100％以下高效的热量回收，是一种普遍且有效的太阳能利用方式。采用有机朗肯循环与100℃的低温热源相结合进行发电，目前也逐渐受到了研究人员的关注。考虑到膨胀机是有机朗肯循环的核心部件，本文选择了R600制冷剂作为ORC系统的工质，对其进行了计算以及热力学性能分析。同时搭建了利用压缩空气来驱动的涡旋式膨胀机性能研究的实验台。从ORC的理论分析得，当热源温度为78～97℃，环境温度为30℃，可以获得0．7—1kW的电量，炯效率为0．84～0．89。利用压缩空气模拟R600，当温度从75℃变化到95℃，对应的压力从0．8MPa变化到1．2MPa，膨胀机出口压力控制在0．28MPa，等熵效率维持在0．7左右。膨胀机的功电转化效率随着膨胀机理想输出功的增加而降低。As a type of renewable energy, solar energy has attracted more and more attention in recent years. The solar energy can be col- lected by the solar collectors with the temperature lower than 100℃ efficiently. The Organic Rankine Cycle that transforms the low temper- ature heat source with the temperature lower than 100℃ into electricity has been recognized and developed by the academics. Considering that the expander is a key component of an ORC, firstly, this paper selected R600 as working fluid for ORC system, then the thermody- namic performance is analyzed, and simultaneously the performance of scroll expander is simulated by the experiments with the compressed air. Through the theoretical analysis of ORC, when the heat source temperature and ambient temperature are 78-97℃ and 30℃ , respec- tively, 0.7-1kW electricity can be obtained. Correspondingly, exergy efficiency is from 0.84 to 0.89. Compressed air is used to simulate R600. Inlet temperature of the expander changes from 75℃ to 95℃ while corresponding pressure changes from 0.8MPa to 1.2MPa, and outlet pressure is controlled at 0.28MPa. Isentropic efficiency is maintained at about 0.7. The work-power efficiency decreases when the ideal output power increases.

关 键 词：有机朗肯循环 涡旋式膨胀机 等熵效率 堋效率 太阳能 

分 类 号：TB653[一般工业技术—制冷工程]