树体结构对板栗冠层光辐射与光合特征及产量的影响  

Effect of Chestnut(Castanea mollissima Bl.) Tree Structure on Canopy Light Radiation,Photosynthesis and Yield

作　　者：郭素娟[1] 熊欢[1] 李广会[1] 邹锋[1] 彭晶晶[1] 谢鹏[1] 吕文君[1] 

机构地区：[1]省部共建森林培育与保护教育部重点实验室(北京林业大学),北京100083

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2014年第1期14-18,共5页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：国家林业公益性行业科研专项重大项目(201204401);"十二五"科技支撑专题(2013BAD14B0402)

摘　　要：以板栗主栽品种12年生‘燕山早丰’为试材,选择主枝数和主枝开张角度不同的自然开心形树形,采用WinsCanopy 2006a冠层分析仪和Li-6400光合仪分别测定冠层光辐射特征参数与光合特性,并调查了枝条类型及果实产量。结果表明:主枝数和主枝开张角度对板栗自然开心形树体单位面积枝条数无显著影响;三主枝树体的壮枝比例显著(P<0.05)高于四主枝和五主枝的;增加主枝开张角度能够提高板栗的冠层开度和冠下总辐射;主枝数和主枝开张角度不同的树体,冠层下部的净光合速率和冠层上部的水分利用效率均存在显著差异(P<0.01),且三主枝、开张角度大于60°时,净光合速率和水分利用效率最高,以及树体单位面积产量也达到最高,为0.225 kg·m-2。自然开心形‘燕山早丰’最适宜的树体结构是三主枝且开张角度大于60°。With 12 years old chestnut （ Castanea mollissima Bl.） ‘yanshanzaofeng ’ , we chose different main branch number and main branch opening angle trees with natural open center shape to determine the parameters of canopy light radiation characteristic by WinsCanopy 2006 a, the photosynthesis of different canopy by Li-6400 , the shoots types and the fruit yield of different tree structures.There are no significant differences between different main branch number and main branch opening angle on the shoots number of unit area.The strong shoot proportion of three main branches is the largest than that of four and five branches .Openness and canopy radiation increase with the increasing of the opening angle （ P〈0.05）.There are significant differences （P〈0.01） among lower Pn and the upperW U,E of different tree structures.Three main branches with opening angle over 60＆#176;have the highest Pn and WU,E , and the highest yield of unit area of 0.225 kg· m^-2 .The best suitable tree structure for natural open center shape chestnut cultivar‘Yanshanzaofeng ’ is three main bran-ches with opening angleover 60°.

关 键 词：板栗 树体结构 冠层光辐射 光合作用 

分 类 号：S727.33[农业科学—林木遗传育种] S758.53[农业科学—林学]