二点委夜蛾越冬存活及冬后发育进度影响因素研究  

Study on influence factors of overwintering survival rate and development progress of Proxenus lepigone Moschler after winter

作　　者：董立[1] 马继芳[1] 李立涛[1,2] 全建章[1] 白辉[1] 郑直 甘耀进[1] 董志平[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北省农林科学院谷子研究所/河北省杂粮重点实验室,河北石家庄050035 [2]河北省农林科学院昌黎果树研究所,河北昌黎066600

出　　处：《中国植保导刊》2014年第1期34-39,共6页China Plant Protection

基　　金：河北省科技厅"主要粮食作物新发生重大病虫害发生规律及防控技术体系研究与应用"(11220301D)

摘　　要：2011～2013年间在田间定点调查并研究了二点委夜蛾越冬虫态、不同虫态的越冬能力及春季越冬幼虫发育进度.结果表明,二点委夜蛾主要以老熟幼虫在有覆盖物的土表层或植物残体中作茧越冬,未作茧或脱茧的老熟幼虫也能越冬,但抗寒性较差,越冬死亡率较高.幼虫在冬前几乎不能自然化蛹,极少数化蛹后春季也不能正常羽化.4～5龄未老熟幼虫很难越冬,只有极个别能够存活.覆盖物更有利于二点委夜蛾越冬存活.老熟幼虫冬前积累了大量积温,春季候均温回升至2.28℃,0℃以上积温仅有32℃时,越冬幼虫就能化蛹,而蛹需要达到其有效积温后才能羽化.在河北石家庄,越冬幼虫3月初即可化蛹,化蛹高峰一般在3月中、下旬.越冬代蛹4月上旬陆续羽化,4月中、下旬进入羽化高峰.化蛹、羽化进度随温度波动有所提前或延迟.Proxenus lepigone Moschler overwintering stage and overwintering ability at different stages and development progress of overwintering larva were studied by point-survey in field from 2011 to 2013. The results showed that P. lep- igone cocooned and overwintered at matured larva stage in surface soil under mulch or plant residue. Matured larva with- out cocoon could also ovcrwinter, but with poor cold resistance and the death rate was higher. Almost all larvae could not pupate before winter, and very few could pupate which can not emergence in spring. 4th and 5th instar larva was difficult to overwinter. Mulch was favorable for its overwintering. Accumulated a lot of temperature before winter, the overwintering larvae could pupate at the condition of 2.28 ℃ average temperature in spring and accumulated temperature above 0 ℃ to 32 day-degree. The overwintering larva could pupate in Shijiazhuang city in early March and reached the peak in mid-to- late March. Overwintering pupa begun to emergence in early April and reached peak in mid-to-late April. Pupation and e- mergency progress changed with fluctuation of temperature.

关 键 词：二点委夜蛾 越冬 温度 发育进度 

分 类 号：S433.4[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]