芦苇和藨草对不同程度富营养化水体的净化效果研究  

Purification of Phragmites australis and Scirpus triqueter in Different Degrees Eutrophic Water

作　　者：张熙灵[1] 王立新[1,2,3] 刘华民[4] 清华[1] 刘东伟[1] 王炜[4] 梁存柱[2,4] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古大学环境与资源学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010021 [2]中美生态能源及可持续性科学内蒙古研究中心,内蒙古呼和浩特010021 [3]澳大利亚阿德莱德大学地球与环境科学学院 [4]内蒙古大学生命科学学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010021

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2014年第2期11-16,共6页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAC02B03);国家自然科学基金项目(31060076);内蒙古应用研发项目

摘　　要：通过设置3种浓度梯度的富营养化水体净化实验,研究了芦苇和藨草的生长状况及其对富营养化水体中N、P的去除效果。结果表明:芦苇和藨草在3种梯度的富营养化水体中均能正常生长,并对水中N、P有明显的去除效果。藨草在处理轻度和中度富营养化水体时要比芦苇占优势,在重度富营养化水体中,芦苇对N、P的去除能力要高于藨草,且二者对水中TP的净化效果要好于TN。通过对受试水样的TN、TP浓度随时间变化的动态曲线拟合得出,水体中TN、TP的浓度随时间变化呈负指数衰减,芦苇和藨草对富营养化水体的净化率随其在水体中停留时间的延长而递增。实验结果为利用挺水植物修复富营养化水体的模式和机理的深入研究提供了科学依据。The growth and. removal capacity of nitrogen, phosphorus of two emerged plants such as Phragmites australis and Scirpus triqueter in different eutrophic conditions were studied through the purification experiments. Results showed that Phragmites australis and Scirpus triqueter could grow normally in all three eutrophic conditions, while the removal efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus in eutrophic water was significant. When applied to the treatment for eutrophic water, Scirpus triqueter became more dominant than Phragmites australis in the low and middle eutrophic condition, while in the high entropic condition, Phragmites australis showed better removal efficiency than Scirpus triqueter. The purification of total phosphorus was better than total nitrogen by both plants. By fitting the dynamic curve between the concentration of total nitrogen, total phosphorus and test time, the concentration of total nitrogen and total phosphorus in water declined in negative exponent form with time, the purification rates of eutrophic water by Phragmites australis and Scirpus triqueter increased over time. The experimental results could provide scientific evidence for the study of the pattern and mechanism of eutrophic lake remediation by emerged plants.

关 键 词：芦苇 藤草 富营养化 净化 拟合模型 乌梁素海 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]