多边援助制度与国内援助改革——以英国布莱尔政府的援助改革为例  

International Aid Institution and Domestic Aid Reform:The Case of UK Aid Reform in the Blair Administration

作　　者：朱杰进[1] 谢漪珺 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学国际关系与公共事务学院,金砖国家研究中心 [2]上海外国语大学国际关系与外交事务研究院

出　　处：《世界经济与政治》2014年第2期66-84,157-158,共19页World Economics and Politics

基　　金：笔者主持的国家社科基金项目(编号:11CGJ006);教育部人文社科基金项目(编号:09YJCGJW010)阶段性成果

摘　　要：如何利用国际制度来推动国内改革是当前国际制度研究的一项重要议程。作者以英国通过引入"国际发展目标"来突破国内发展援助改革困境作为案例,探讨了多边援助国际制度影响成员国国内援助改革的作用机制、渠道及其结果。由于前任保守党政府对发展援助不够重视,且过于强调援助要为本国的政治和商业利益服务,导致布莱尔政府提出的以减贫为核心的发展援助新战略在改革初期面临着严重的"承诺可信性难题"。作为一项发展援助领域的新兴国际制度,"国际发展目标"被成功引入英国国内,在政府和选民之间发挥了有效的信号传递作用,同时由于"国际发展目标"量化指标易于监测的特征以及政府主动建立与"国际发展目标"相配套的短期目标,并将"国际发展目标"落实状况的信息进行及时的公开发布,这些都大大缓解了政府与选民之间的信息不对称,最终增强了政府改革承诺的可信性,实现了布莱尔政府发展援助改革的突破。The role of international institutions in pushing the domestic reform is one of the most important research agendas for liberal institutionalism.The authors aim to analyze the causal mechanism through the case of how International Development Targets(IDT) helps to solve the difficulties of the British domestic development aid reform.In 1997,Blair administration came to power and proposed a new poverty reduction-based aid strategy,which was facing a big challenge of credibility of the reform commitment.In order to overcome this challenge,Blair administration introduced the IDT into the domestic development aid strategy.Being an innovative international institution in development aid and a set of quantitative development targets,IDT were useful for the civilians to monitor the government's aid behavior,playing the role of signaling and commitment device between the British government and civilians.Meanwhile,the Blair administration created matching short-term targets to implement the IDT and published detailed compliance report timely.With these measures,IDT effectively alleviated the information asymmetry between the government and civilians and increased the credibility of the reform commitment,helping to push the British development aid reform.

关 键 词：国际制度 国内改革 承诺可信性 发展援助改革 “国际发展目标” 

分 类 号：D756.1[政治法律—政治学]