儿童预防接种不良反应护理管理效果评价  

Child vaccination side effects effect evaluation of nursing management

作　　者：高月平[1] 郭惜珍[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省汕头市中心医院中山大学附属汕头医院,515031

出　　处：《中国妇幼保健》2014年第5期731-733,共3页Maternal and Child Health Care of China

摘　　要：目的：评价儿童预防接种过程中各个环节不良反应实施护理管理的效果，以提高免疫接种率和免疫成功率，同时减少预防接种不良反应的发生。方法：对所属辖区2010—2012年接受预防接种后不良反应发生情况进行统计比较分析。结果：2010年共接种疫苗2656针次，不良反应6例，发生率0．226％；2011年共接种疫苗2752针次，不良反应3例，发生率0．109％；2012年共接种疫苗2990针次，不良反应1例，发生率0．033％。基础免疫8例，加强免疫2例。均为一般反应，无其他严重不良反应发生。2012年与2010年的不良反应发生率差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05），2012年与2011年差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论：预防接种过程中，家长／监护人接受护理管理比没有接受护理管理的不良反应发生率低，基础免疫不良反应发生率比加强免疫高，这与家长／监护人对儿童计划免疫知识的认知程度及预防接种过程中护理管理有关，加强预防接种过程中护理管理能减少预防接种不良反应发生，是提高安全接种的重要保障。Objective： Occurrence of side - effects of vaccination of children, evaluation of vaccination during all aspects of the implementation effect of nursing management were measured to improve the success rate of immunization and immunization. While reducing the side effects of vaccination, ensuring the safety of childhood immunization. Methods： The statistical comparative analysis on suspected adverse events fallowing immunization of vaccine in our hospital during Jan 2010 - Dec 2012 was analyzed. Results： In 2010, there were a total of 2 656 vaccination needle, including 6 cases of side effects, the incidence was 0. 226%. In 2011, there were a total of 2 752 vacci- nation needle, including 3 cases of side effects, the incidence was 0. 109%. In 2012, there were a total of 2 990 vaccination needle, inclu- ding 1 case of side effects, the incidence was 0. 033%. There were 8 cases of basic immunity, 2 cases of strengthen immunity. All were general reaction, there was no other serious adverse reaction. There were statistically significant differences in incidence of side effects between 2012 and 2010 （P 〈 0. 05 ） . There were not statistically significant differences in incidence of side effects between 2012 and 2011 （P 〉 0. 05） . Conclusion： Preventive inoculation process, parents/gnardians receiving nursing management than those not receiving nursing management of side reaction rate is low. Immunologic basis of the incidence of adverse reactions compared to strengthen immune is high, with the parents/guardians of children plan immunity level of cognitive knowledge and nursing management in the vaccination process. Strengthening nursing management during vaccination can reduce the occurrence of side - effects of vaccination is important guarantee of improving safety vaccination.

关 键 词：预防接种 不良反应 护理管理 

分 类 号：R174[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]