高寒草甸粪斑的温室气体排放  

Effects of yak dung on greenhouse gas emission during growing season in the alpine meadow

作　　者：葛世栋[1,2] 徐田伟[1,2] 李冰[1,2] 曹慧[1,2] 赵亮[1,3] 徐世晓[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西北高原生物研究所,青海西宁810001 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]中国科学院高原生物适应与进化重点实验室,青海西宁810001

出　　处：《草业科学》2014年第1期39-47,共9页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：国家自然基金项目(41030105;31070437);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA05070200);中国科学院西部行动项目(KZCX2-XB3-05);国家科技支撑项目(2011BAC09B06)

摘　　要：为了解生长季牦牛粪斑覆盖对高寒草甸生态系统温室气体排放的影响,于2012年6月25日-9月24日基于添加牛粪处理定位试验,利用静态箱-气相色谱法对高寒草甸生态系统N2O、CH4和CO2通量进行测定。结果表明,粪斑覆盖对其生态系统N2O、CH4和CO2排放具有刺激效应,其发生在粪斑覆盖的1―50d,且3类温室气体峰值出现时间各异;粪斑覆盖导致的系统温室气体排放潜势较无牛粪覆盖增加了39.2%,其N2O、CH4和CO2的累积排放量分别为0.095、0.412、2 064g CO2·m-2,全球变暖潜势为2 102g CO2·m-2。因此,高寒草地牦牛粪斑是重要的温室气体来源之一,在估测生态系统对气候变化的贡献中不可忽视。In order to understand the impacts of yak dung on greenhouse gas （GHG） emission in the alpine meadow of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau during the growing season, nitrous oxide（N2O）, methane（CH4）, and carbon oxide（CO2） fluxes in Kobresia-dominanted meadow were measured by the static opaque chamber-gas chromatograph method. The results showed that the application of dung had distinct stimulating effects for N2O, CH4, and CO2 fluxes, which occurred during the 1-50 days after application although the peak value presented at different time. The global warming potential induced by GHG emissions after dung application increased by 39.2%. The global warming potential and the cumulative flux of N2O, CH4, and CO2 during three months research period after dung application was 2 102, 0.095, 0.412 and 2 064 g·m^-2, respectively. Emission-time pattern of greenhouse gas should be paid more attention to assess global change to animals＇ excrements as yak dung patches were strong GHG source.

关 键 词：高寒草甸 粪斑 温室气体 气候变暖潜势 

分 类 号：S812.29[农业科学—草业科学]