青藏高原6份披碱草属牧草农艺性状及生产性能评价  

Evaluation of agronomic characters and production performance of six Elymus germplasm from Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

作　　者：闫志勇[1] 周青平[2] 刘文辉[1] 颜红波[1] 周改娥 

机构地区：[1]青海省畜牧兽医科学院,青海西宁810016 [2]西南民族大学青藏高原研究院,四川成都610041 [3]青海普兰生态科技有限公司,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《草业科学》2014年第1期108-115,共8页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：国家科技部科技支撑项目"青海地区优质牧草选育及生产利用技术集成与示范"(2011BAD17B05-5);农业部行业专项"青海牧区优质高效饲草生产利用技术研究与示范"(201003023);农业部"青藏高原优良牧草种质资源保护利用"(070401)

摘　　要：评价了青藏高原不同海拔地区6份披碱草属(Elymus)牧草的农艺性状和生产性能,以期遴选出适合当地的优良的种质资源。结果表明,1号产自贵南的垂穗披碱草(E.nutans),其叶部和穗部农艺性状表现突出,种子产量(1 265.9kg·hm-2)较高,可作为饲草型兼产籽型牧草选育材料;2号产自共和的垂穗披碱草,其草产量(8 714.9kg·hm-2)最高,稳定性最强,可作为长期饲草型牧草选育材料;3号产自达日的老芒麦(E.sibiricus),其生育天数(172d)最长,种子产量(1 431.3kg·hm-2)最高,草产量(5 780.9kg·hm-2)较高,可作为中长期产籽型兼饲草型牧草选育材料;4号产自刚察的老芒麦,其叶部和穗部农艺性状表现突出,草产量(6 297.4kg·hm-2)较高,可作为产籽型兼饲草型牧草选育材料;5号和6号产自班玛和青海湖环湖的老芒麦,其生育天数(120d)最短,生产性能较差,可作为早熟型牧草资源选育材料。In order to select promising germplasm resource, the present study evaluated some agronomic traits and production performance of 6 Elymus germplasm from different altitudes of Tibetan Plateau. The results showed that different germplasm had different performance. Leaves and panicle of E.nutans from Guinan County had outstanding performance with higher seed yield （1 265.9 kg·ha^-1）, which had potential to be forage with seeds production. E.nutans from Gonghe County with high forage yield （8 714.9 kg·ha^-1）and the strongest stability had potential to be long-term forage breeding material. E.sibiricus from Dari County with longest growing period（170 d）, highest seed yield（1 431.3 kg·ha^-1） and higher forage yield（5 780.9 kg·ha^-1） had potential to bred as medium- or long-term forage and seed production. E.sibiricus from Gangcha County also had potential to be forage with seeds production because their leaves and panicle had outstanding performance and their forage yield was higher （6 297.4 kg·ha^-1）. E.sibiricus from Banma County and Qinghai Lake around area had potential to be precocious forage resources because of their shortest growing days （120 d） and poor production performance.

关 键 词：披碱草属 农艺性状 生育期 越冬率 产量 茎叶比 

分 类 号：S543.9[农业科学—作物学]