天山北坡草地生物量分布特征及影响因子  

Analysis of grassland biomass characteristics and its impact factors in north slope of Tianshan

作　　者：王德旺[1] 盛建东[1] 刘耘华[1] 查向浩[1,2] 门学慧[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学草业与环境科学学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [2]喀什师范学院,新疆喀什844006

出　　处：《草业科学》2014年第1期125-131,共7页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项"应对气候变化的碳收支认证及相关问题(XDA05050400)"

摘　　要：以天山北坡草地为研究对象, 通过调查采样对不同类型草地的生物量水平进行估算, 揭示其空间分布特征以及生物量在地上与地下的分配规律, 并对生物量与环境因子间的关系做了探究。结果表明, 研究区各类型草地总生物量由大到小依次为温性山地草甸、温性草甸草原、高寒草甸、低地盐化草甸、温性草原、温性荒漠草原、温性草原化荒漠、温性荒漠;同一类型草地, 地上和地下生物量空间变异程度不同;不同类型草地, 低地盐化草甸的地上生物量与其他草地差异显著（P〈0.05）, 温性山地草甸与温性荒漠的地下生物量和总生物量差异均显著（P〈0.05）;各类草地根冠比为3.2～20.0;草地地上生物量与年降水量和人类利用程度具有显著相关性, 地下生物量则与年降水量、年均温、地形具有极显著相关性（P〈0.01）。The distribution of grassland biomass and impact factors in north slope of Tianshan were analyzed in this study. The biomass of different types of grassland was estimated to reveal the spatial distribution of aboveground and underground biomass and the relationship between biomass and environmental factors. The results showed that grassland biomass decreased in the order of temperate mountain meadow〉temperate meadow steppe〉alpine meadow〉low saline meadow〉temperate steppe〉temperate desert steppe〉temperate steppe desert〉temperate desert. There was no significant variation for spatial distribution of aboveground and underground biomass within the same grassland. The aboveground biomass of lowland saline meadow was significantly higher （P〈0.05） than that in other types of grassland. For underground biomass and total biomass, there was significant difference between temperate mountain meadow and other types of grassland （P〈0.05）. The root-shoot ratios of each type of grassland were mainly between 3.2 and 20.0. The aboveground biomass was correlated with annual precipitation and the extent of human using, however, the underground biomass correlated with annual precipitation, annual average temperature and landform.

关 键 词：天山北坡 草地生物量 分布特征 根冠比 影响因子 

分 类 号：S812.29[农业科学—草业科学]