“黑土滩”中华羊茅栽培草地生产力动态  

Productivity dynamic of Festuca sinensis pasture built on‘bare soil land' degraded meadow during 5years on Tibetan plateau

作　　者：贺有龙 汪海波 祁彪 

机构地区：[1]青海省果洛州草原管理站,青海玛沁814000 [2]青海省环境科学研究设计院,青海西宁810007

出　　处：《草业科学》2014年第1期200-204,共5页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41171417);"十二五"国家科技支撑课题(2012BAC01B02-3)

摘　　要：为了给青藏高原"黑土滩"退化草地治理提供更多技术支持,分析了单播[中华羊茅(Festuca sinensis)]和混播[(中华羊茅+冷地早熟禾(Poa crymophila)+垂穗披碱草(Elymus nutans)]方式改建"黑土滩"后,5年内草地植物群落高度及地上、地下生物量动态变化。结果表明,栽培草地建植后,在适当的管理条件下单播、混播的草地都能够维持较高的生物量。单播栽培草地生物量低于混播栽培草地,同时混播栽培草地能够积累大量根系,这是地上植被稳定的重要基础。建议中华羊茅最好以混播方式播种作为改良"黑土滩"的栽培草地牧草之一。同时,应该提高当地牧民对栽培草地的认可,在此基础上推广种植栽培草地,才能实现栽培草地治理"黑土滩"模式的可持续性。In order to provide more technology support for restoring the degraded ＇bare soil land＇ meadow on Qinghai-Tibetan plateau, the present study analyzed the aboveground biomass, underground biomass, height of community of monoculture Festuca sinensis pasture and mixture pasture of F.sinensis＋Poa crymophila＋Elymus nutans which built on ＇bare soil land＇ degraded meadow. The results showed that both of these two kinds of pasture presented good productivity under appropriate management. However, the mixture pasture presented higher productivity and better community characteristics than monoculture F.sinensis pasture. The mixture pasture could accumulate more root biomass to support aboveground vegetation. These results revealed that F.sinensis was the best forage for restoring the degraded ＇bare soil land＇ if mixcultured with other grasses. At the same time, the recognition of local herders to establish pasture should be improved because it was critical to develop pasture establishing technology on Qinghai-Tibetan plateau, especially for restoring the ＇bare soil land＇ degraded meadow.

关 键 词：高寒草地 黑土滩 中华羊茅 栽培草地 生物量 

分 类 号：S543.9[农业科学—作物学]