丹江口库区及上游COD和氨氮工业污染源解析  

ANALYSIS OF COD AND NH3-N DISCHARGED FROM INDUSTRIAL POLLUTION SOURCE OF DANJIANGKOU RESERVOIR AREA AND UPPER REACHES

作　　者：雷沛[1] 张洪[1] 单保庆[1] 张高科[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院生态环境研究中心环境水质学国家重点实验室,北京100085 [2]武汉理工大学资源与环境工程学院,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《长江流域资源与环境》2014年第2期243-251,共9页Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(SQ2011BAJY3635-03);水利部公益性行业科研专项项目(201101001)

摘　　要：利用2010年工业污染源普查更新数据,以COD和氨氮为分析对象,从排放总量、排放经济强度以及石化、冶金等13类工业行业分类来综合解析丹江口库区及上游工业污染源排放特征和行业贡献。结果表明:丹江口库区及上游工业点源COD、氨氮排放量分别为17 919.7t、2 841.3t;十堰、汉中、商洛工业源COD和氨氮贡献率分别为39.7%、22.6%、19.4%和18.8%、35.9%、38.1%,是COD、氨氮排放贡献率最大的3个地级市。制药、食品和石化为丹江口库区及上游COD排放贡献较高的行业,贡献率分别为40%、19%和16%;而石化、采掘和冶金分别为氨氮排放贡献了45%、20%和17%,为丹江口库区及上游高氨氮排放行业。皮革、造纸2个行业的万元工业产值COD及氨氮排放量均位于前列,分别为33.5kgCOD/万元、25.1kgCOD/万元和4.70kg氨氮/万元、2.27kg氨氮/万元。丹江口库区及上游区域污染防治与管理应从流域层面综合考虑,实施"分区管理、重点控制,分期执行,长久监管"措施。Based on the 2010 census data of the industrial pollution sources of Danjiangkou Reservoir area and upper reaches, analyses on total discharge amount of COD and NH3-N in wastewaters were carried out at different levels of administrative division. Discharge amounts and industrial source proportions of total COD and NH3-N discharged from industrial pollution sources were selected to analyze the pollution characteristics and industrial contribution to the water pollution. Spatial distribution characteristics and pollutant characteristics of the industrial pollution sources were also analyzed using Chinese standard industrial classification as a reference. The results showed that the total discharge amount of COD and NHa-Nin wastewaters from the industrial pollution sources of Danjiangkou Reservoir area and upper reaches were 17 919.7 t and 2 841.3 t. Among them, Shaanxi Province accounted for 58.3% COD and 80.6% NH3-N discharged from industrial pollution sources of the entire area, ranking the first place of the largest proportions of pollution discharged in all three provinces of this area. The results also indicated that most pollution sources around Shiyan City threatened Danjiangkou Reservoir and water pollution emergency was ready to happen at any time. Hanzhong City and Shangluo City ranked second and third in the contribution proportions of total wastewater discharge for both COD and NH3-N, with 22.6% and 19.4% for COD, 35.9% and 38.1% for NH3-N, respectively. In terms of industrial pollution contribution, food, petroehemistry and harmaey industries were the top 3 industries that contributed 40%, 19% and 16%%0 for COD discharged industrial pollution sources of Danjiangkou Reservoir area and upper reaches, while petrochemistry, mining and metallurgy industries were the main industies for NH3-N discharged and their proportions were 45%, 20% and 17~, respectively. The largest value of industrial wastewater discharged per ten thousand yuan industrial output were from leatherindustry which was 33.5kg COD per ten t

关 键 词：丹江口库区及上游 工业污染源 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]