三峡库区典型常绿阔叶林冠层降雨截留模拟研究  

SIMULATION OF TYPICAL EVERGREEN BROADLEAVED FOREST CANOPY INTERCEPTION LOSS IN THE THREE GORGES RESERVOIR AREA

作　　者：王冉[1] 王玉杰[1] 王云琦[1] 刘春霞[1] 郭平[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学水土保持学院,北京100083

出　　处：《长江流域资源与环境》2014年第2期281-286,共6页Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin

基　　金：林业公益性行业科研专项(201104005-01-B)

摘　　要：为了验证修正的Gash模型对三峡库区内缙云山典型常绿阔叶林冠层截留模拟的适用性，基于2012年4～7月的气象和林分特征资料以及实测的穿透雨和树干茎流等资料，分析缙云山常绿阔叶林林外降雨、穿透雨和树干茎流特征，并应用修正的Gash模型对林冠截留量进行模拟，对比分析周降雨累计截留量和单次降雨截留量的模拟值和实测值，采用敏感性分析法分析模型参数对截留量的影响程度。结果表明：研究期间共34次降雨，总降雨量为522．1mm，平均降雨强度为1．3mm／h，大部分为低雨强、低雨量级、长历时的降雨；穿透雨量、茎流量和林冠截留量的实测值分别为450．9、9．6和61．6mm，模拟值分别为446．1、7．7和68．2n3．m，模拟的截留量约高出实测值10．8％，模型能够较好适用于缙云山常绿阔叶林场降雨截留总量的模拟。此外，对模型参数进行敏感性分析得出，以林冠郁闭度C对模拟结果影响最大，其次为平均降雨强度R、林冠持水能力s和林冠平均蒸发速率E，而以树干茎流系数P。和树干持水能力s，这2个参数对林冠截留总量影响很小。Our aim is to verify the applicability of the revised Gash analytical model to canopy interception loss of typical evergreen broadleaved forests in the Jinyun Mountains in Three Gorges Reservoir Area. The rainfall, throughfall and stemflow data were observed and collected by the rain gauges and data loggers, and the canopy interception loss was simulated with the revised Gash analytical model.A comparison in hourly cumulative rainfall and a rainfall event interception was conducted between the simulated and measured values based on meteorological data and forest survey data during April-July of 2012.In addition, the effects of the model parameter on interception was analyzed with a sensitivity analysis method. The results indicated that the cumulative gross rainfall of 34 sampled events was 522. ] mm and the mean rainfall intensity was 1.3 mm/h.The measured through-fall, stem- flow and canopy interception were 450.9 mm, 9.6 mm and 61.6 ram, respectively.Most of the rainfalls had a low rainfall intensity, low rainfall levels, and long duration. Through-fall, stem-flow and canopy interception were simulated by the revised Gash model were 446.1 ram, 7.7 turn and 68. 2 turn, respectively. The simulated interception loss was lower by 10.8o//00 than the measured ones.It was indicated that the revised Gash analytic model could be used for estimating canopy interception of single field rainfall in the evergreen broadleaved forest in the Jinyun Mountains in Three Gorges Reservoir Area.The simulation with the revised Gash model was affected in the highest level by canopy density,in the middle level by mean rainfall intensity R,in the low level by canopy storage capacity, mean evaporation rate during rainfall E,but the simulation was not sensitive to trunk storage capacity and proportion of stem-flow in rainfall since these two parameters only had a small effect on total interception.

关 键 词：修正的Gash模型 常绿阔叶林 冠层截留 缙云山 三峡库区 

分 类 号：S715.2[农业科学—林学]