热声驱动脉管制冷机的压力特性  

PRESSURE CHARACTERISTICS OF A PULSE TUBE DRIVEN BY THERMOACOUSTIC PRIME MOVER

作　　者：邱利民[1] 蒋宁[1] 陈国邦[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学制冷与低温研究所,杭州310027

出　　处：《低温工程》2000年第6期19-23,共5页Cryogenics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助的课题

摘　　要：自行研制了热声驱动脉管制冷机实验台，着重研究了热声驱动脉管制冷机的压力特性，明确了充气压力对起振温度、加热温度、制冷温度、压比及压力振幅等的影响。实验表明，自行研制的热声压缩机在驱动脉管制冷机的情况下，仍可获１．０７以上的压比，基本可以满足驱动无阀型脉管制冷机的需要。在最近进行的实验中，以氮和氦作工质，分别获得了 １９６ Ｋ和 １３８ Ｋ的无负荷制冷温度。此外，本文还提出了进一步的改进方向。Thermoacoustic engines and refrigerators were already becoming attractive alterna- tives in specialized applications, where simplicity, lack of lubrication or sealing seals and their use of environmentally harmless working fluids have been adequate compensation for lower efficiency. On the other hand, research and development of pulse tube refrigerators have reached such a stage that commercial products have been already developed for temperatures around 77 K and 4.2 K.The reliability of pulse tube refrigerator will be greatly improved if it is driven by thermoacoustic prime mover. The pressure char- acteristics of the pulse tube cooler is extensively studied.Experimental results show that the self-made prime - mover generate a pressure ratio of about 1. 1 for nitrogen and helium, which is suitable for a Stirling type pulse tube cryocooler. The pulse tube cooler driven by thermoacoustic prime mover obtained a minimum refrigeration temperature as low as 138 K and 196 K with helium and nitrogen respectively.

关 键 词：热声制冷 压力特性 热声驱动脉 管制冷机 

分 类 号：TB651[一般工业技术—制冷工程]