剖宫产产妇医院感染原因及干预对策  

Causes of nosocomial infections in cesarean section women and intervention countermeasures

作　　者：魏振玲[1] 黄华[2] 

机构地区：[1]郑州大学第一附属医院超声科,河南郑州450052 [2]郑州大学第一附属医院妇产科,河南郑州450052

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2014年第3期715-717,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：河南省卫生厅一附院共建青年创新基金项目(2011-WQN001)

摘　　要：目的探讨剖宫产产妇医院感染原因及干预对策,以期为降低剖宫产产妇医院感染发生率提供参考。方法回顾性分析1 241例剖宫产产妇临床资料,分析其医院感染发生率、感染部位及感染原因,采用SPSS 17.0软件进行统计分析。结果 1 241例剖宫产产妇发生医院感染12例,感染率0.97%,感染部位主要为呼吸道、泌尿道、切口、生殖道,分别占41.67%、25.00%、16.67%、8.33%;产妇年龄≥30岁、体质量指数≥25kg/m2、合并有基础疾病、有胎膜早破、阴道检查次数≥3次、产程≥12h、手术时间≥1h、术中出血量≥500ml、术后留置导尿时间≥12h等因素,感染分别占66.67%、66.67%、75.00%、75.00%、83.33%、66.67%、66.67%、66.67%、75.00%;单因素分析结果显示,以上因素的存在均是引起剖宫产产妇发生医院感染的高危因素(P<0.05)。结论剖宫产产妇发生医院感染的原因主要为高龄、肥胖、合并基础疾病、有胎膜早破、阴道检查次数多、产程及手术时间较长、术中出血量较多、术后留置导尿时间较长,对以上因素制定出相应的干预及护理措施,是降低剖宫产产妇医院感染的主要方法。OBJECTIVE To explore the causes of nosocomial infections in cesarean section women and put forward intervention countermeasures so as to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections. METHODS A retrospective analysis was performed to analyze the medical records, incidence of nosocomial infections, infection sites of 1241 cases of women undergoing cesarean section, the statistical analysis was performed with the use of SPSS 17.0 software. RESULTS Of totally 1241 cases of women investigated , the nosocomial infections developed in 12 cases with the infection rate of 0. 97%. The patients with respiratory tract infections accounted for 41.67%, the patients with urinary tract infections 25.00%, the patients with incision infections 16.67%, and the patients with genital tract infections 8.33 % ; the constituent ratios of the infection cases with more than 30 years of age, BMI more than 25, complication of underlying diseases, premature rupture of membranes, frequency of vaginal examination more than 3 times, labor course more than 12h, operation duration more than 1 hour, intraoperative bleeding volume more than 500 ml, and postoperative catheter indwelling time more than 12 hours were 66.67%, 66.67%, 75.00%, 75.00%, 83. 33%, 66. 67%, 66.67%, 66.67%, and 75.00%, respectively; the above factors were defined as the high risk factors for the nosocomial infectionS in the women undergoing cesarean section （P〈0.05）. CONCLUSION The causes of the nosocomiaI infections in the cesarean section women include the old age, obesity, complication of underlying disease, premature rapture of membrane, frequent vaginal examination, long labor course and operation duration, large volume of intraoperative blood loss, and long time of postoperative catheter indwelling; to put forward the corresponding intervention and nursing measures based on the above factors is a major way to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections in the cesarean section women.

关 键 词：剖宫产 医院感染 产妇 原因 干预对策 

分 类 号：R181.32[医药卫生—流行病学]