Effects of Ploughing Astragalus sinicus at Maturity Stage on Rice Yield and Soil Properties of Paddy Field  

带籽紫云英翻耕对水稻产量及稻田土壤性质的影响(英文)

作　　者：王伯诚[1] 赖小芳[1] 陈银龙[1] 项玉英[1] 陈剑[1] 

机构地区：[1]台州市农业科学研究院,浙江临海317000

出　　处：《Agricultural Science & Technology》2013年第12期1792-1796,1803,共6页农业科学与技术（英文版）

基　　金：Supported by the Important Science and Technology Program for Agriculture of Zhejiang Province(2009C2001-TZ);the Taizhou Research and Development of Applied Technology,Zhejiang Province(091TG06)~~

摘　　要：[Objective] The effects of ploughing Astragalus sinicus at maturity stage as green manure on paddy soil properties were studied to provide references for ad- vancing the green manure production and field sustainable development. [Methods] A three-year field positioning experiment was carried out. In the first year, five differ- ent levels （0, 2.81, 5.61, 8.42, 11.23 t/hm~） of Astragalus sinicus ploughed at matu- rity stage were designed. And in the next two years, the amounts of ploughed As- tragalus sinicus at maturity stage were based on the natural growth amounts of As- tragalus sinicus at maturity stage of the former year in each plot field. The yields of Astragalus sinicus at maturity stage were estimated and ploughed directly before rice transplanting. Rice yield, soil nutrients, biological properties and water-stable aggre- gates of paddy fields were measured as well. [Results] The effective panicles and rice yields increased significantly after ploughing Astragalus sinicus at maturity stage. Meanwhile, the organic acid content in paddy field increased and the activities of soil phosphatases, invertase and catalase were higher. The soil dissolved organic carbon also increased with the increasing application of green manure. However, excess amount of green manure inhibited the soil microbial biomass carbon content. The macro aggregates and micro aggregates gathered to middle aggregates. [Conclusion] As green manure, the use of Astragalus sinicus at maturity stage could improve soil physiochemical and biological properties, improve soil fertility and increase rice yield significantly. But the ploughing amount of Astragalus sinicus at maturity stage before rice transplanting should be less than 8.42 t/hm2 （dry weight.[目的]研究带籽紫云英作为绿肥对稻田土壤性质的影响,为推进绿肥生产和农田可持续利用提供依据。[方法]开展3年田间定位实验,第1年设置4个不同紫云英翻压量(2.81,5.61,8.42,11.23 t/hm2)处理,无紫云英翻压作对照处理,后两年均延续上一年实验结果,每年水稻移栽前将各个小区田面自然长出的带籽紫云英测产后直接翻耕;测定水稻产量及稻田土壤养分、生物学性质以及水稳性团聚体等指标。[结果]紫云英带籽翻耕的绿肥处理可使水稻有效穗及产量显著增加,并增加土壤中的有机酸,同时土壤磷酸酶、蔗糖酶和过氧化氢酶等活性均明显提高;土壤水溶性有机酸随绿肥施用量增加而升高,但过多绿肥使用量会抑制土壤微生物量碳;土壤由大团聚体和微团聚体向中微团聚体富集。[结论]带籽紫云英作为绿肥施用能起到改善土壤理化性质和生物学性质,稳步提高土壤肥力,显著增加水稻产量的作用,水稻移栽前翻压量以不超过8.42 t/hm2(干重)为宜。

关 键 词：Astragalus sinicus at maturity stage PLOUGHING Rice yield Paddy soil nutrients Soil properties 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]