葛洲坝下游河势调整工程对中华鲟产卵场的影响  

Influence of river regime adjustment project on Chinese sturgeon spawning sites downstream of the Gezhouba Dam

作　　者：班璇[1] 肖飞[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院测量与地球物理研究所湖北省环境与灾害监测与评估重点实验室,湖北武汉430077

出　　处：《水利学报》2014年第1期58-64,共7页Journal of Hydraulic Engineering

基　　金：长江科学院开放研究基金资助项目(CKWV2012315/KY);国家自然科学基金青年基金资助项目(51109195);国家重点基础研究发展计划973计划资助项目(2012CB417001)

摘　　要：水文水力条件的变化会给水生生物繁殖栖息带来一系列的影响,评估这些影响能为保护和重建物种栖息地提供科学依据。本文以葛洲坝下游河势调整前地形(2003年)和河势调整后地形(2008年)作为边界条件建立二维非恒定流水动力学模型,模拟中华鲟产卵场整个产卵期的水流变化特征。通过对比河势调整前后中华鲟产卵场地形、流场和涡量的变化,流量变化过程中各水流参数与相关系数的变化,以及河势调整工程给产卵场水力条件带来的变化,对照河势调整前后中华鲟产卵位置和资源量的变化进一步分析了其对中华鲟产卵的影响。结果显示,河势调整使中华鲟上产卵区河床高程抬升,流场紊动程度加大,水流结构随着流量变化的相关性减小;使下产卵区流场紊动程度减小。The change of hydrological conditions can bring a series of influence to aquatic breeding habi-tat, and evaluation of the influence may provide a basis for protection and reconstruction species habitats. A two-dimensional unsteady hydrodynamics model based on the bathymetry before and after the river re-gime adjustment project was set up to simulate flow characteristics in the whole spawning period. Changes of the bathymetry,flow field,vorticity and the correlation coefficient between discharge and the correspond-ing flow parameters were compared, as well as the changes of the spawning location and spawning quanti-ty, to analyze the influence of the hydraulic changes on the Chinese sturgeon spawning. The results show that the river regime adjustment project raises the elevation of up-spawning site, increases the flow turbu-lence, decreases the correlation of discharge and flow parameters, and reduces the flow turbulence of down-spawning site.

关 键 词：中华鲟 河势调整 隔流堤 地形 水力条件 非恒定流模拟 相关性 

分 类 号：Q959.4[生物学—动物学]