黄土高原风尘堆积物源研究进展  

Progress in Tracing Provenance of Eolian Deposits in Chinese Loess Plateau

作　　者：曾方明[1] 向树元[2] 刘向军[1] 张玲[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院青海盐湖研究所中国科学院盐湖资源与化学重点实验室,青海省盐湖地质与环境重点实验室,青海西宁810008 [2]中国地质大学地球科学学院,湖北武汉430074 [3]安徽三联学院工商管理系,安徽合肥230601

出　　处：《地球科学（中国地质大学学报）》2014年第2期125-140,共16页Earth Science-Journal of China University of Geosciences

基　　金：青海省科技厅自然科学基金青年项目(No.2012-Z-933Q);中国科学院盐湖资源与化学重点实验室开放基金(No.KLSLRC-KF-13-DX-11);中国科学院'西部之光'人才培养计划'西部博士资助项目';国家自然科学基金项目(No.41201014)

摘　　要：黄土高原风尘堆积是开展古环境变化研究的重要沉积物,其源区的具体位置和变化程度对于揭示东亚大气环流演化具有关键意义,而且一直被学术界广泛关注,存在较大争议.前人通过地球化学(Sr-Nd-Pb同位素、元素地球化学、碎屑锆石UPb年龄)、矿物学(白云石、重矿物)、物理学(释光灵敏度、电子自旋共振信号和环境磁学)、气象观测与模拟、地貌学等方法对黄土高原风尘堆积及其潜在源区(北方荒漠和戈壁以及青藏高原东北部)开展了大量示踪研究.研究表明青藏高原东北部、阿拉善高原、塔里木盆地和蒙古戈壁可能是非常重要的源区.目前存在的问题:(1)源区的具体区位;(2)源区物质供给系统是否存在时空变化;(3)第四纪以来的黄土研究居多,而更老时间尺度上风尘堆积的物源研究较少.因此,今后开展更多粉尘物源示踪方法学的研究,并加强第四纪以前黄土高原风尘堆积的物源研究,是风尘堆积物源研究的重要内容.Eolian deposits accumulated in the Chinese Loess Plateau （CLP） are valuable archive for reconstruction of paleoenvironmental change in East Asia. The source area of the eolian deposits in the CLP is correlated with the evolution of past atmos- pheric circulation of East Asia, so it is highly focused by researchers. However, the controversies are still being debated. Dur- ing the past, methods of geochemistry （isotope geochemistry, element geochemistry, and detrital zircon U-Pb age）, mineralogy （dolomite, heavy mineral composition）, optically stimulated 1 （OSL） sensitivity, electronic spine resonance （ESR） signal intensity, environmental magnetism, meteorological observation and modeling, and geomorphic methods were applied to track the source area of the eolian deposits by comparative study of the sediments in the CLP and the potential source areas （e.g., gobi and deserts in north China and the northeast Qinghai-Tibet Plateau） surrounding the CLP. The results show that the source area of eolian deposits in the CLP lies in the north and northwest of the CLP, and northeast Qinghai-Tihet Plateau, the Alashan Plateau （Badan Jaran desert, Tengger desert）, Tarim basin and Mongolia would be the most important source areas. The controversies mostly focus on which detail area can be the source area of the eolian deposits in the CLP and whether the source area changed temporarily and spatially. Recent provenance studies of the eolian deposits in the CLP are mainly concentrated on the Quaternary loess deposits, but the studies of older deposits are relatively few. Thus, more methodologies of tracing the source area of eolian deposits and more studies for provenance of eolian deposits which accumulated before Quaternary would be the main task in the future.

关 键 词：黄土高原 风尘堆积 物源 荒漠 青藏高原 地球化学 

分 类 号：P534.6[天文地球—古生物学与地层学] P531[天文地球—地质学]