甜菜生育期植株中N、P、K含量变化及其吸收性能特点的研究  

Study on N, P and K contents and uptake capacities of sugar beet （Beta vulgaris L. ） at different growth stages

作　　者：邵科[1] 李国龙[1] 邵世勤[1] 张少英[1] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学甜菜生理研究所,呼和浩特010018

出　　处：《中国甜菜糖业》2013年第4期5-10,共6页China Beet & Sugar

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金资助（CARS-210304）

摘　　要：本文以6个品种为材料，在田间试验条件下，研究了甜菜在不同生育期植株中氮、磷和钾含量变化、积累量、吸收性能和需求量，以期揭示其变化规律和合理施肥的科学依据。结果表明：①甜菜植株中氮、磷、钾含量在不同生育期有所变化和差异，其含量最多的时期在苗期，其含量分别为4．03％、0．49％和3．70％，到收获期分别降为0．74％、0．21％和1．12％；②氮、磷、钾在植株中积累量随生育进程由少到多，到收获期每株甜菜积累量分别为3014．56mg、859．45mg和4556．91mg；③甜菜对氮、磷、钾吸收性能最强的时期在叶丛快速生长期（6月5日～7月5日），每天每株甜菜吸收氮76．175mg、磷15．150mg、钾107．376mg，其吸收性能分别占总吸收性能的65．9l％、48．69％和63．06％；④每生产1吨甜菜需磷0．776kg、氮2．690kg、钾4．067kg，其磷：氮：钾比为1：3．50：5．30；每形成1kg糖需磷4．484g、氮15．733g、钾23．784g。N,P,K element content change, accumulation and distribution, uptake capacity and demanded quan-tity of six eultivars of sugar beet （ Beta vulgaris L. ） at different growth stages were studied in a field experiment. The aim is to reveal the trend of sugar beet N ,P ,K element content change and to provide scientific basis on ra-tional N ,P,K fertilization to sugar beet. The results showed that： 1 ） N,P,K content in sugar beet plant changed during different growth period. The metabolism of N,P,K element reached the most active status at the seedling stage in different cultivars, its content was 4.03% ,0.49% and 3.70% , respectively, whereas its content were reduced to 0.74% ,0.21% and 1.12% at the harvest stage, respectively. 2） The accumulation of N,P,K in the whole plant, with the development process, increased gradually, and reached 3014.56mg,859.45mg and 4556. 91mg per plant at the harvest stage,respectively.. 3） N,P,K element uptake capacities reached the highest be-tween the seedling stage to the foliage rapid growth stage （from June 5 to July 5 ）, was N-76. 175 mg/plant/d, P-15. 150 mg/plant/d,K-107. 376 mg/plant/d. N,P,K accumulation in this stages accounted for 65.91% , 48.69% and 63.06% of the total N,P,K uptake capacities. 4） For production of 1 ton of sugar beet, totally 0. 776kg of P,2. 690kg of N and 4. 067kg of K was required, P： N： K for 1 ： 3.50：5.30 ; and for production of 1 kg of sugar, totally 4.484g of P,15. 733g of N and 23. 784g of K needed to be consumed.

关 键 词：甜菜 N、 P、 K含量 吸收性能 需求量 

分 类 号：S566.3[农业科学—作物学]