湖北省输入性疟疾发病态势及防控措施分析  

Potential infection of imported malaria and control measures in Hubei province

作　　者：黄光全[1] 胡乐群[1] 张华勋[1] 林文[1] 郑力[1] 李凯杰[1] 裴速建[1] 刘井元[1] 董小蓉[1] 袁方玉[1] 孙凌聪[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖北省预防医学科学院血吸病防治所寄生虫病预防控制部,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《中国热带医学》2013年第12期1490-1493,共4页China Tropical Medicine

基　　金：中国全球基金疟疾项目实施性研究专项(No.20120305)

摘　　要：目的掌握湖北省输人性疟疾发病态势，探索有效的防控措施。方法收集1999～2012年全省输人性疟疾网报疫情、个案调查、主动监测资料，对病例进行人群、时间、地点分布及发病与就诊、防控效果分析。结果1999～2012年全省报告输入疟疾457例，其中恶性疟占60．17％（死亡7例）、间日疟占38．95％、卯形疟占0．44％、三日疟占0．44％。发病年龄17～69岁，男女比为24：1。全年各月都有发病，春节前后发病占40．49％。从非洲输入病例占62．39％、东南亚占27．43％，务工人员输入疟疾占93．36％。输入疟疾发病地分布中武汉市占51．99％、宜昌市占9．29％、恩施州占7．96％。主动监测同行回归人员带虫率为19．96％。患者发病至就诊时间平均为8．91d，当天就诊率占15．27％，对病人及疫点监测未发现继发病例。结论输入性疟疾逐年呈上升态势；健全防控网络和建立医疗救治中心是减少输入性重症疟疾发生的有效措施；对患者开展流行病学调查和同行回归人员主动监测，规范治疗现症病人及时处置疫点是遏制继发病例的有效手段；加强务工人员疟防知识宣传和健全防护措施是降低务工人员感染疟疾的有效策略。Objective To evaluate the situation of imported malaria and explore effective control and prevention measures. Methods The data of imported malaria cases during 1999 to 2012 in Hubei were collected and analayzed. Results There were 457 imported malaria cases reported in Hubei in 1999-2012 including 7 deaths. 60.17% of them were falciparum malaria eases. 38.95% of them were vivax malaria cases,0.44% of ovale malaria cases and 0.44% of malariae malaria cases. The age of malaria cases was 17-69 years,The ratio o male：female was 24：1. Imported malaria occurred in every month of the years.and 40.49% were reported around Spring festival,62.39% was from Africa,27.43% cases from Southeast Asia and 93.36% of them were returned workers. The imported malaria were distributed in the cities of Whuanm Yichang and Enshi,occuoied 51.99% ,9.29% and 7.96%. The parasite carrying rate of the returned malaria cases was 19.96%. The average date of from onset to diagnosis was 8.91 days and 15.27% of the cases diagnosed on the In＇st day. No cases of secondary cases were fpund. Conclusions The imported malaria shoed an increasing trend in Hubei and effective measures including health education, active monitoring of the returned workers from malaria endemic areas be taken to prevent and control the transmission of malaria.

关 键 词：输入疟疾 流行态势 防控措施 

分 类 号：R531.3[医药卫生—内科学]