低密高氮条件下留叶枝对棉花产量和养分吸收的影响  

Effects of vegetative branch retention on seed cotton yield and nutrient absorption under low planting densities and high nitrogen applying rates

作　　者：周桂生 翟富燕 陆世渊 NIMIR A E 徐庆龙 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室/农业部长江中下游作物生理生态栽培重点实验室,江苏扬州225009 [2]苏丹喀土穆大学农学院,喀土穆11115 [3]扬州大学实验农牧场,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《扬州大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》2013年第4期50-55,共6页Journal of Yangzhou University：Agricultural and Life Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30771272;31171483);江苏省优势学科建设工程项目(201101);扬州大学科技创新培育基金资助项目(2012CXJ052)

摘　　要：以冀668为试验品种,研究低密度和高施氮量条件下留叶枝对棉花产量和养分吸收的影响。结果表明:密度、施氮量和叶枝去留对棉花产量的影响达到显著或极显著水平。在18 000株·hm-2、施氮量450kg·hm-2条件下,留叶枝处理的产量显著高于去叶枝处理;在18 000株·hm-2、施氮量525kg·hm-2条件下,留叶枝处理的产量略低于去叶枝处理。在22 500株·hm-2密度条件下,2种施氮水平下留叶枝处理和去叶枝处理产量之间的差异均不显著。在18 000株·hm-2、施氮量450kg·hm-2、留叶枝条件下,棉株干物质积累、分配和氮、磷、钾吸收较为合理,产量最高,达到4 680.00kg·hm-2。在22 500株·hm-2、施氮量525kg·hm-2条件下,植株生殖器官干重虽较高,但出现了贪青迟熟现象,后期棉铃无法正常吐絮,产量较低。ABSTRACT： A field experiment with Jimian 668 was done to investigate the effects of vegetative branch retention on seed cotton yield and nutrient absorption under low planting densities （18 000 and 22 500 plants ·hm^-2） and high nitrogen applying rates （450 and 525 kg ·hm^-2）. Seed cotton yield was significantly affected by planting density, nitrogen rate, and vegetative branch retention at the 0.05 or 0.01 probability level. When the planting density was 18 000 plants·hm^-2 and nitrogen rate was 450 kg ·hm^-2, seed cotton yield was significantly higher in the treatment of vegetative branch retention than that in the treatment of vegetative branch removal. However, at the planting density of 18 000 plants ·hm^-2 and nitrogen rate of 525 kg·hm^-2 , there was no significant difference in seed cotton yield between the treatments of vegeta- tive branch retention and vegetative branch removal. When the planting density was 22 500 plants ·hm^-2, there was no significant difference in cotton yield between vegetative branch retention and removal at both nitrogen levels. The highest seed cotton yield of 4 680.00 kg·hm^-2 was obtained when the planting density was 18 000 plants·hm^-2 , nitrogen rate was 450 kg ·hm^-2 and vegetative branch was retained. In this treatment, dry matter weight and nutrients accumulation were kept at suitable levels. When the planting density was 22 500 plants ·hm^-2 and nitrogen rate was 525 kg·hm^-2, cotton plants remained immature at the latest stage of cotton growth although there were abundant reproductive organs which could not contribute to yield.

关 键 词：棉花 低密度 高氮肥 留叶枝 产量 养分 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]