空气锤钻头失效分析及结构优化设计  

Failure Analysis and Structural Optimization of Air Hammer Bit

作　　者：曾其科 黄志强[2] 曾锡英 王明波 殷武松 周已[2] 

机构地区：[1]川庆钻探工程公司油建公司 [2]西南石油大学机电工程学院 [3]西南管道公司兰州输油气分公司

出　　处：《石油机械》2014年第2期24-26,共3页China Petroleum Machinery

摘　　要：空气钻井钻头失效主要体现在钻齿断裂和脱落、本体缩径以及花键的断裂。对钻头结构做了相关设计与优化,考虑地层岩石的水平应力和上覆岩层压力状态,建立了活塞-钻头-岩石的全尺寸互作用模型。在实际测试的岩石力学参数的基础上,利用显示动力学非线性分析方法,对2种钻头结构进行了数值模拟计算,同时对钻头侵入能、冲击合力以及扭矩进行对比分析。分析结果表明,改进后的钻头结构有助于提高机械钻速,延长钻头寿命。该项研究结果对空气锤钻头的优化设计具有一定的参考价值。The bit failure in air drilling mainly manifests itself in bit tooth fracture and fall out, body shrinkage and spline fracture. The design and optimization of bit structure were conducted. Considering the horizontal stress of formation rock and the pressure condition of overlaying strata, the full-size piston-bit-rock interactive model was es- tablished. On the basis of actually tested lithomechanical parameters, the explicit dynamic nonlinear analysis meth- od was used to conduct a numerical simulation calculation of the structure of two types of bit. Meanwhile, a compar- ative analysis of bit＇ s intrusive energy, impact resultant force and torque was carried out. The analysis shows that the improved bit structure helps improve rate of penetration and lengthen bit＇ s service life. The research findings can serve as a reference for the design optimization of air hammer bit.

关 键 词：空气锤 钻头失效 失效分析 结构优化 数值计算 

分 类 号：TE921[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]