不同植物生长调节剂对小麦籽粒灌浆特性及粒重的影响  

Effects of Different Plant Growth Regulators on the Grain Filling Characteristics and Grain Weight in Wheat

作　　者：文廷刚[1] 陈昱利 杜小凤[1] 吴传万[1] 钱新民[1] 吴雪芬[1] 王伟中[1] 

机构地区：[1]淮安市农业科学研究院,江苏淮安223001 [2]淄博市农业科学研究院,山东淄博255033

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2014年第1期84-90,共7页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目[CX(13)5079];国家小麦产业技术体系项目(CARS-3-2-13);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201203033-07);淮安市农业科技攻关项目(SN12065)

摘　　要：为了探明不同植物生长调节剂（PGRs）对小麦籽粒灌浆特性及粒重的影响，以淮麦25为材料，用Logistic方程对不同PGRs作用下小麦籽粒灌浆过程进行拟合，研究了籽粒干物质、灌浆速率及粒重的变化动态，并通过相关性分析探讨了灌浆参数与粒重的关系。结果表明，不同PGRs处理下，小麦籽粒干重均呈“S”型曲线增长，Logistic方程的决定系数R。均在0．998～0．999之间，达极显著水平，拟合效果较好。灌浆参数中最大灌浆速率出现时间（Tmax）、灌浆持续期（T）和平均灌浆速率（R）与粒重均呈极显著正相关，且粒重与灌浆持续期（T）的相关性大于平均灌浆速率（R）。从各阶段灌浆参数来看，粒重与渐增期灌浆速率（R1）、快增期持续时间（T2）和缓增期持续时间（L）均呈极显著正相关，与其他参数相关不显著。理论最大千粒重与灌浆结束时强势籽粒的千粒重变化相一致。劲丰和GA。处理能显著增加籽粒千粒重，而多效唑、硝酸钴和乙烯利则显著降低了千粒重。因此，始穗期外施劲丰和GA。能提高渐增期灌浆速率（R1），延长快增期持续时间（T2）和缓增期持续时间（L），改善籽粒灌浆参数，达到增加粒重的目的。Huaimai 25, a semi-winter wheat cultivar, was used to study the effect of different plant growth regulators on the grain filling characteristics and grain weight in wheat. The grain filling process of wheat with different plant growth regulators treatments was fitted by Logistic equation in order to explain the changes of grain dry matter, grain filling rate and grain weight. The correlations between grain filling parameters and grain weight in wheat were discussed by correlation analysis. The results showed that the increment of grain dry matter in wheat with the different plant growth regula- tors treatments presented a ＂S＂ curve change. The grain filling process could be extremely well de- scribed by the logistic model, since the determination coefficients of Logistic equation were between 0. 998 and 0. 999,which achieved a significant level. Correlation analysis indicated that there was a sig- nificantly positive correlation between Tmax, T,R and grain weight. Furthermore, the correlation be- tween grain weight and T was greater than R. Additionally, the grain weight positively correlated withgrain filling rate of gradual increasing- stage （R1） , filling duration of rapid increasing-stage （T2） and slow increasing- stage （T3） significantly. The fitted maximum 1000-grain weight consisted with the change of 1000-grain weight of strong grain at the end of filling. JF and GA3 treatments enhanced the final 1000-grain weight significantly,while Paclobutrazol, Cobalt nitrate and Ethephon treatments sig- nificantly reduced the final 1000-grain weight. Therefore,the exogenous JF and GAa treatments at the initial-heading stage of wheat could increase grain filling rate of gradual increasing- stage （R1）, extend- ed filling duration of rapid increasing-stage （T2） and slow increasing- stage （T3）,improved grain fill- ing parameters, finally enhanced the grain weight.

关 键 词：植物生长调节剂 小麦 灌浆特性 粒重 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S311