福建省2012年健康人群流脑带菌率及抗体水平监测分析  

Monitoring and analysis of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis infection rate and antibody level in healthy population in Fujian province in 2012

作　　者：李曲文[1] 袁卫华 郑恩惠[1] 原灵[1] 林震宇[1] 陈爱平[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]福建省疾病预防控制中心,福建福州350001 [2]龙岩市上杭县疾病预防控制中心,福建龙岩364200 [3]福建省人兽共患病研究重点实验室,福建福州350001

出　　处：《中国卫生检验杂志》2014年第2期244-246,共3页Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology

摘　　要：目的了解福建省2012年健康人群流行性脑脊髓膜炎（流脑）带菌率及抗体水平，为制定防控措施提供依据。方法2012年11月在3个监测点对不同年龄组人群采集咽拭子及血清标本，用EIlSA法检测血清流脑抗体，菌株药敏试验用Etest法。结果健康人群咽拭子检出2株B群脑膜炎奈瑟菌，检出率0．25％（2／806）；A群和C群抗体总阳性率分别为88．30％和62．81％；A群抗体阳性率以7岁-14岁和≥20岁最高（92．64％和94．69％），2岁以下较低；C群以3岁～4岁最高（77．03％）。3个监测点中A群抗体阳性率将乐最高，安溪最低；C群抗体阳性率安溪较低（37．23％）。2株脑膜奈瑟氏菌均对青霉素、四环素、头孢噻肟、头孢三嗪、利福平、氨苄青霉素、氯霉素、左氧氟沙星、阿奇霉素均敏感，但对磺胺甲基异嗯唑均耐药。结论福建省2012年流脑健康人群带菌率较低；A群免疫水平高于C群，人群C群免疫水平仍偏低。应加强2岁以下低龄儿童疫苗接种。磺胺甲基异嗯唑已不适合作为预防流脑之用。Objective To understand the bacteria - holding rate and antibody level of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis in healthy population in 2012 in Fujian province, so as to provide evidence for formulating prevention and control measures. Meth- ods In three monitoring stations, throat swabs and serum samples were collected from population at different ages in November 2012 to detect serum antibody of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis by using ELISA, and drug sensitivity with E test. Results Two group B neisseria meningitidis strains were detected in the throat swabs of healthy crowd, and the detection rate was 0.25% （2/806） ; The total antibody positive rates of Group A and group C were 88.30% and 62.81% respectively; The positive rates of group A antibody were higher in population between 7 - 14 years old and above 20 years old（92.64% and 94.69%, re- spectively）, while lowest under the age of 2; Group C positive antibody was highest between 3 - 4 years old（77.03% ）. In three monitoring stations, positive rate of group A antibody was highest in Jiangle and lowest in Anxi, while that of group C was lowest in Anxi （37.23%）. Two strains of neisseria meningitidis were both sensitive to penicillin, tetracycline, cefotaxime, ce- fazolin triazine, rifampicin, ampicillin, chloramphenicol, levofloxacin and azithromycin, but resistance to sulfamethoxazole. Conclusion The neisseria meningitidis carrier rate of healthy population was low in 2012 in Fujian province ; Immunity levels of group A was higher than that of group C. Vaccination should be strengthened on young children under 2 years old. Sulfamethox- azole has been not suitable for prevention of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis.

关 键 词：流行性脑脊髓膜炎 脑膜炎奈瑟氏菌 监测分析 

分 类 号：R373.31[医药卫生—病原生物学]