CO_2浓度升高对冬小麦叶片特性及蒸散影响研究初报  

Effect of Elevated Atmospheric CO_2 Concentration on Leaf Characteristic and Evapotranspiration in Winter Wheat

作　　者：徐芸皎[1,2] 景元书[1] 俄有浩[2] 马玉平[2] 李少魁[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学应用气象学院 [2]中国气象科学研究院 [3]94783部队气象台

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2014年第2期17-22,55,共7页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41275115);国家重点基础研究发展计划(2010CB951302);公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201006027);江苏省第九批"六大人才高峰"高层次人才项目(NY-038);江苏高校优势学科建设工程(PAPD)项目资助

摘　　要：利用开顶式气室(OTC)设置不同CO2浓度处理,观测分析了CO2浓度升高对冬小麦叶片特性与蒸散的影响。结果表明,CO2浓度增加100%、50%和25%后冬小麦叶面积指数(LAI)、叶重、厚度及蒸散量均有不同程度的增加。其中,在叶片发育最旺盛的抽穗期LAI和叶重分别增加23%、11.4%、5.6%和21.3%、9.4%、4.3%;抽穗后,冬小麦平均旗叶面积和叶厚分别增加25.1%、8.4%、4.1%和12.9%、8.8%、7.5%;而旗叶叶绿素无明显变化;蒸散量在拔节-孕穗期略有增加,在孕穗-抽穗期分别增加33.8%、26.8%、11.9%,在开花-乳熟期分别增加了44%、23.9%、8.3%。可见,CO2浓度增加有利于冬小麦生物量的积累,但同时增加了农田生态系统的耗水量。An Open-Top Chamber experiment was conducted by setting different CO2 concentration treatments to observe and analyse the effect of higher CO2 concentration on leaf characteristic and evapotranspiration in winter wheat. The results showed that the LAI, green leaf dry weight, leaf thickness and evapotranspiration of winter wheat increased in different degree by the COa concentration elevating 100%, 50%, 25%. The heading period which leaf developed exuberantly LAI and green leaf dry weight increased 23%, 11.4%, 5.6% and 21.3%, 9.4%, 4.3% respectively. After heading, the average flag leaf area and thickness increased 25. 1%, 8.4%, 4. 1% and 12.9%, 8.8%, 7.5% respectively. But the flag leaf chlorophyll changed inconspicuously. The evapo-transpiration increased slightly at jointing-booting period, increased 33.8%, 26.8%, 11.9% at booting-heading period and 44%, 23.9%, 8.3% at anthesis-milk ripeness period respectively. So it can be see that higher C02 concentration will accumulate more biomass of winter wheat but at same time expend more farmland ecosystem wa-ter.

关 键 词：CO2浓度 冬小麦 叶片 叶面积指数(LAI) 蒸散 

分 类 号：S512.11[农业科学—作物学]