带集中质量及转动惯量的弹性车轴模型及振动分析  

Vibration Analyses of Elastic Wheelset Model with Concentrated Mass and Moment of Inertia

作　　者：徐宁[1] 任尊松[1] 马尚[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学机械与电子控制工程学院,北京100044

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2014年第2期125-131,共7页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51175032;U113420);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划;211CD711104)资助项目

摘　　要：随着列车运行速度不断提高,轮对质量、转动惯量以及轮轴弹性对轮轨系统振动影响越来越明显,在车辆-轨道耦合系统动力学研究中不应再被忽视。利用假设模态法,得到带有集中质量及转动惯量的弹性车轴振型函数,与等直梁的振型函数进行对比,并在此基础上建立考虑轮对弹性振型的车轴模型和车辆系统动力学模型。采用数值计算方法,得到扁疤激励下车辆-轨道耦合系统轮轨力、垂向加速度及其功率谱密度。与传统刚性车轴处理方式相比,所提的方法能更为准确地反映轮轴振动、轮轨力冲击和衰减特性等。With the continuous improvement of train speed, the effect of the mass, the moment of inertia and the elasticity of the wheelset in the wheel-track vibration system is increasing and can not be ignored any more. By using the assumed mode method, a mode function of axle with a concentrated mass and a concentrated moment of inertia is obtained, which is compared with the straight beam＇s vibration mode function. Based on which a vehicle system dynamic model is constructed, considering the rigid body motion and elastic modes of the axle. By numerical method we got the force, vertical acceleration and the acceleration power spectrum density（PSD） of the rail-wheel coupling system, concentrated mass and moment of inertia Comparing to former researches, this methodology can more accurately reflect the axle vibration, the impact of wheel-rail force and attenuation characteristics.

关 键 词：集中质量 假设模态法 振型函数 功率谱密度 轮轨力 

分 类 号：U270[机械工程—车辆工程]