两级自动复叠低温冰箱的理论及试验研究  

Theory and Experimental Study of Two-stage Auto-cascade Low Temperature Refrigerator

作　　者：芮胜军[1,2] 张华[1] 黄理浩[1] 喻子达[3] 王袭[3] 王晓影[3] 

机构地区：[1]上海理工大学制冷技术研究所,上海200093 [2]河南科技大学车辆与动力工程学院,洛阳471023 [3]海尔集团技术研发中心,青岛266103

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2014年第2期159-164,共6页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51176124);上海市优秀学科带头人(10XD1403100);上海市重点学科建设(S30503)资助项目

摘　　要：两级自动复叠低温冰箱在科研和日常生活中逐渐增多,研究并提高其制冷系统性能具有重要作用,节能环保特性的研究也具有重要意义。单级压缩两级自动复叠制冷循环采用非共沸混合制冷工质,根据工质在低温冰箱内的压力温度变化和气液平衡关系实现低温环境。利用制冷工质物性分析软件NIST Refprop 8.0,对两级自动复叠循环的空间压焓图和焓-浓度图进行分析。讨论并选取适合于–60℃低温冰箱的混合制冷工质R600a和R23,并对其系统运行过程中温度和压力变化趋势进行分析。通过试验研究两级自动复叠低温冰箱降温过程中温度和压力随时间的变化规律,以及汇合点处工质物性的变化特性。对两级自动复叠低温冰箱制冷系统建立比较完整的概念,对温度压力变化和气液平衡有了理性的认识,对提高此类冰箱性能和产品推广应用具有重要价值。It is increased gradually in scientific research and daily life of two-stage auto-cascade low temperature refrigerator. Study and improve the refrigeration system performance plays an important role; characteristics of energy saving and environmental protection research also has important significance. Single-stage compression two-stage auto-cascade refrigeration system using non-azeotropic mixture refrigerant, the low temperature environment could be realized according to the pressure and temperature changes of refrigerant in the low temperature refrigerator and the relationship of vapor-liquid equilibrium. Three dimensional pressure-enthalpy diagram and enthalpy-composition diagram of two-stage auto-cascade cycle are analyzed using refrigerant properties analysis software NIST Refprop 8.0. The mixed refrigerant R600a and R23 is discussed and selected suitable for -60 ~C low temperature refrigerator, and the operation temperature and pressure of system are analyzed. The temperature and pressure and the refrigerant substances at the conjunction changes with time of two-stage auto-cascade low temperature refrigerator are studied through experimental methods. A relatively complete concept of two-stage auto-cascade refrigeration system for low temperature refrigerator is established; a rational realization of the temperature and pressure changes and vapor-liquid equilibrium is recognized. It is important to improve the performance of this kind of refrigerator and the products popularization.

关 键 词：低温冰箱 自复叠制冷 混合工质 单级压缩 

分 类 号：TB657[一般工业技术—制冷工程]