铅锌矿床中微量元素富集及关键测试技术研究新进展  

A Review of Trace Elements Enrichment in Sulfides from Pb-Zn Deposits and Associated Critical Testing Technology

作　　者：李艳军[1] 魏俊浩[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学资源学院,武汉430074

出　　处：《地质科技情报》2014年第1期191-198,共8页Geological Science and Technology Information

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41202054);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(CUG110832;CUG120702)

摘　　要：铅锌矿床中微量元素的富集特征、富集机制及对矿床成因指示是当前矿床学研究的热点之一。对铅锌矿床微量元素富集及关键测试技术研究新进展进行了综述,指出:①富集微量元素的铅锌矿床不仅分布于古陆边缘,造山带也是有利的构造背景;②不同成因类型铅锌矿床所富集的微量元素种类和含量不同,元素组合、含量及比值可以指示矿床成因;③微量元素以类质同象、固熔体、微细矿物包裹体形式甚至是独立矿物形式存在于闪锌矿和方铅矿中,富集过程受扩散速率、结晶温度、氧化还原条件、硫逸度、成矿物质和成矿流体等物理化学条件控制;④硫化物LA-ICP-MS微区分析能精确测定硫化物中微量元素的含量,了解其赋存状态,可为铅锌矿床成因研究提供微观证据。最后指出微量元素研究过程中要加强LA-ICP-MS原位微区测试技术的应用,并与宏观矿床地质特征研究相结合。Enrichment characteristics and mechanism of trace elements in sulfides from different genetic type PbZn deposits and their implications for ore genesis is one of the hot topic studied by the international ore deposit geologists. We systematically summarized new research progress on the enrichment of trace el ements in sulfides from PbZn deposits and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry （LAICPMS） analysis for sulfides. Trace elements enriched PbZn deposits are not only distributed at ancient continental margin, but also in the orogens. Trace elements enriched in sulfides from different ge netic type PbZn deposit show a distinct chemical signature. Thus, association, concentrations and ratios of trace elements in sulfides can be used as their genesis index. Trace elements, such as Cd, Ga, Ge, In, may be in the form of isomorphism, solid solution, micro inclusions or even independent mineral occurring in sphalerites and galenas. The enrichment process is controlled by diffusion rate, crystallization tempera ture, redox conditions, sulfur fugacity, oreforming material and fluid and other physical and chemical conditions. The LA ICP MS analysis can accurately determine the concentrations of trace elements in sul fides, and support microcusmic imformation for oregenesis of PbZn deposits. Additionally, this paper suggests that the LAICPMS analysis for sulfides should be applied to researching enrichment process of trace elements, and should combine with macroscopic geological characters of Pb Zn deposit.

关 键 词：微量元素 LA—ICP—MS微区分析 硫化物 矿床成因 铅锌矿床 

分 类 号：P618.4[天文地球—矿床学]