产后患者精神障碍原因及心理干预措施  

Causes and psychological intervention of 49 patients with postpartum psychiatric disorder

作　　者：胡丽珍[1] 陈彩平[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省绍兴市妇幼保健院,浙江绍兴312000

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2014年第2期215-217,共3页Practical Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析影响产后精神障碍发生的相关因素及心理护理干预对产后精神障碍患者心理状态的影响。方法选择49例产后精神障碍(postpartum psychiatric disorder,PPD)患者(精神障碍组)和54例同期分娩的正常产妇(正常组),采用自行设计的调查表调查分析影响产后精神障碍发生的相关因素。将49例产后精神障碍患者随机分为对照组(n=24)和观察组(n=25),2组均采用常规护理模式,观察组同时给予心理护理干预措施,4周后采用简明精神病评定量表(BPRS)和护士观察量表(NOSIE)评价干预效果。结果 PPD患者在夫妻感情、婆媳关系、人际关系、居住环境、生男生女、角色冲突及产褥期感染等方面与正常组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。心理护理干预4周后观察组BPRS量表中的焦虑抑郁、思维障碍和缺乏活力评分及NOSIE中的社会兴趣、社会能力、抑郁、迟缓和个人整洁评分明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论影响产后精神障碍发生的心理、社会因素较复杂,心理护理干预措施可有效促进产后精神障碍患者的社会功能康复。Objective To analyze the factors influencing the occurrence of postpartum psychiatric disorder （PPD） and the ef- fect of psychological nursing intervention on psychological state of PPD patients. Methods Forty- nine patients with PPD （PPD group） and 54 normal puerperae （normal group） were enrolled in the study. Self-designed questionnaires were employed to survey the factors influencing the occurrence of PPD. 49 patients in PPD group were randomly divided into control group （n = 24） and observation group （n = 25）. The above - mentioned two groups both received routine nursing care, but observation gronp was given psychological nursing intervention, simultaneously. After 4 weeks, the intervention effect was evaluated by Brief Psy- chiatric Rating Scale （BPRS） and Nurses＇ Observation Scale for Inpatient Evaluation （NOSIE）. Results There were statisti- cally significant differences in affection between spouses, relationship between mother- in- law and daughter- in- law, inter- personal relationship, residential environment, giving birth to a boy or a girl, role conflict, and puerperal infection between PPD group and normal group （P〈0.05）. The scores of anxiety depression, thought disorder, and lack of energy in BPRS and the scores of social interest, social ability, depression, retardation, individual tidy in NOSIE in observation group were all significant- ly superior to those in control group after the 4 - week psychological nursing intervention （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusions Psycho- logical and social factors influencing PPD are very complex. Psychological nursing intervention can effectively promote social func- tion rehabilitation of patients with PPD.

关 键 词：产后 精神障碍 心理护理 护理干预 

分 类 号：R471[医药卫生—护理学]