农村2型糖尿病患者自我管理水平调查与分析  

Investigation and analysis on self-management levels of type 2 diabetic patients in rural areas

作　　者：董胜莲[1] 吴保平[2] 刘海娟[1] 邢凤梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北联合大学护理与康复学院,河北唐山063000 [2]河北联合大学附属医院

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2014年第2期242-245,共4页Practical Preventive Medicine

基　　金：2012年河北省社科基金(HB12GL047)

摘　　要：目的了解农村Ⅱ型糖尿病患者自我管理水平及其影响因素。方法采取随机整群抽样的方法对456名农村Ⅱ型糖尿病患者进行研究,采用统一的调查量表,进行糖尿病自我管理水平和相关因素调查。结果农村Ⅱ型糖尿病患者自我管理总分平均值为(76.90±9.92),得分率为58.79%。六项因子的得分率依次为:遵医嘱服药(80.38%)、足部护理(60.85%)、饮食控制(59.06%)、高低血糖的处理(56.94%)、运动自我管理(52.25%)、血糖监测(48.59%)。自我管理水平的相关因素有性别、文化程度、病程、是否有合并症、健康教育等。男性运动自我管理水平高于女性、女性组足部护理水平高于男性组;文化程度初中以上组血糖监测自我管理水平、高低血糖处理好于文盲和小学文化组;病程10年以上组运动和血糖监测自我管理水平较高;具有两种以上合并症组遵医嘱服药水平高;接受过健康教育的糖尿病患者组各方面的自我管理水平高于未接受过健康教育组。以上差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论农村Ⅱ型糖尿病患者自我管理水平有待提高,应根据患者人口学特征和疾病特点采取针对性的干预措施和健康教育。Objective To investigate the quality of self management and its influencing factors in rural patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods Four hundred and fifty - six rural patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were selected by random cluster sampling, the quality of sdf - management of type 2 diabetes and the related factors were investigated by unified question- naires. Results The average score of self- management of the patients was （76.90 ± 9.92）, with the scoring rate of 58.79%. The scoring rates of 6 factors were taking medicines according to doctor＇ s instructions （80. 38% ）, foot care （60.85 % ）, diet control （59.06 % ）, high/low blood glucose disposal （56.94 % ）, movement self - management （52.25 % ）, and blood glucose monitoring （48.59%） in turn. The related factors influencing the quality of self- management were sex, educa- tional background, duration of the disease, complications, health education, and so forth. The level of movement self-manage- ment in males was higher than that in females, while the level of foot care in females was higher than that in males. Self- man agement of blood glucose monitoring and high/low blood glucose disposal in patients with junior middle school education or above were both better than those in illiterate patients and in patients with primary school education. The patients whose duration of the disease was more than 10 years had better movement self - management and blood glucose monitoring. The patients who suffered from more than 2 complications had higher scores on taking medicines according to doctor＇ s instructions. The patients who had received health education had higher scores on the quality of self - management. And the differences were statistically significant （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusions The quality of self- management of rural patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus should be further improved. Targeted interventions and health education should be conducted according to demographic features and disease charac- terist

关 键 词：自我管理 糖尿病患者 农村 

分 类 号：R587.1[医药卫生—内分泌]