轻质隔热纳米孔结构耐烧蚀酚醛材料  

Preparation and Properties of Ablation-Resistant Phenolic Resin With Low Density,Heat Insulation and Nanopores

作　　者：王晓鹏[1] 罗振华[1] 张勃兴[1] 匡松连[2] 赵彤[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院化学研究所,北京100190 [2]航天材料及工艺研究所,北京100076

出　　处：《宇航材料工艺》2014年第1期84-88,共5页Aerospace Materials & Technology

基　　金：国家重大科学研究计划支持项目(2012CB933201)

摘　　要：在一定温度下，通过改性剂组分与热固性钡酚醛树脂之间热共聚反应，制备了改性酚醛树脂。采用模压工艺制备出具有目标尺寸和形状的改性酚醛树脂固化物，对该样品分别进行了400和700℃的炭化处理，得到了相应的酚醛炭化样品，并测试其密度、失重率、收缩率等特征参数。研究改性剂用量对碳化物特征参数和性能的影响，如密度、失重率形貌、比表面积、隔热性能、压缩强度等。SEM研究表明，700℃炭化后样品形成了“珊瑚状”碳结构，形成了30～150nm纳米孔。比表面积测试（BET）结果表明其比表面积可达464m。／g。隔热性能与力学性能的测试结果表明，相对于未改性酚醛树脂碳化物，改性酚醛碳化物的热导率降低了45．57％，并且保持了较好的压缩强度。Modified phenolic resin was prepared using thermal prepolymerization between barium-phenolic resin and modifier. The cured modified phenolic resin with regular size and shape was prepared using the technology of compress moding, and then, it was carbonized at the temperature of 400℃and 700℃ to prepare the carbonized sam- ples, which was used to measure density, weight loss, and shrinkage ratio. The influence of modifier on the morphol- ogy, surface area, thermal insulation properties and compression strength was also studied. The results of scanning e- lectron microscope （SEM） showed that after calcinations at 700℃ , the ＂coral-like ＂carbon structure was observed with the nanopores in a range of between 30 to150 nm and a relatively high brunauer-emmett-teller （BET） surface ar- ea of 464 m2/g. Compared to the carbonized sample from unmodified phenolic resin, the test of insulation properties and mechanical properties showed that the thermal conductivity of modified phenolic resin was reduced by 45.57%, but still retained good compression strength.

关 键 词：酚醛树脂 纳米结构 低密度 低热导率 

分 类 号：TQ316.63[化学工程—高聚物工业]