湘江祁阳—衡南江段产漂流性卵鱼类产卵场现状的初步研究  

The Current Status of Spawning Grounds for Fishes Spawning as Pelagic Eggs in Reaches from Qiyang to Hengnan in Xiangjiang River

作　　者：谢文星[1] 唐会元[1] 黄道明[1] 杨钟[1] 杨汉运[1] 

机构地区：[1]水利部中国科学院水工程生态研究所,水利部水工程生态效应与生态修复重点实验室,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《水产科学》2014年第2期103-107,共5页Fisheries Science

基　　金：水利部公益性行业经费项目(200901010);湘江土谷塘水生态专题项目

摘　　要：2010年4—5月在湘江衡南断面开展了产漂流性卵鱼类产卵场的调查。调查结果表明,湘江衡南站以上可监测到祁阳—衡南155.50km的江段,产漂流性卵的鱼类有12种,其中银、赤眼鳟、花斑副沙鳅、细鳞鲴、蒙古鲌等为优势种。产卵场有5个,其中干流江段有4个产卵场,支流1个。干流产卵场的总长度为26km,占江段长度的16.72%。产卵总量为67 283.22万粒,而"四大家鱼"产卵量仅为887.04万粒,占采样期产卵量的1.32%,其中草鱼531.48万粒,占采样期产卵量的0.79%;青鱼343.72万粒,占采样期产卵量的0.51%;鲢鱼11.84万粒,占采样期产卵量的0.02%。产漂流性卵鱼类的产卵和产卵规模与江水的涨落持续时间等因素有一定的相互联系。与20世纪70年代相比,产漂流性卵鱼类产卵场长度由75km缩短至26km。A survey on spawning grounds of fishes spawning as pelagic eggs were carried out at the section of Hengnan of Xiangjiang River from April to May in 2010. A total of 12 species of fish spawning as pelagic eggs were found at the section from 155. 50 km reaches from Qiyang to Hengnan, with the dominant species Squalidus argentatus （ Sauvage et Dabry）, Squaliobarbus ourriculus （Richardson）, barred loach Parabotia fasciata Dabry, Xenocypris microlepis Bleeker, and culter Erythroculter mongolicus （Basilewsky）. There were 5 spawning grounds at the section reaches, 4 with total length of 26 km at the main stream, accounting for 16.72% of the reach from Qiyang to Hengnan, and 1 at the branch. A total of 672. 8322 million eggs were observed, only 8. 8704 million eggs of Chinese carp, representing 1.32% of the total eggs, 5. 3148 million for grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idellus （Cuvier et Valenciennes）, accounting for 0.79%, 3. 4372 million for black carp Mylopharyngodon piceus （Richardson） accounting for 0. 51%, and 118 400 for silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix （Cuvier et Valenciennes）, accounting for 0.02%. Spawning behavior and fecundity were related to duration of the fluctuation of the water level, and the spawning grounds of the fishes spawning as pelagic eggs were found to be reduced from 75 km to 26 km in the length compared with that in the 1970 s.

关 键 词：湘江 鱼类 漂流性卵 产卵场 

分 类 号：S932.4[农业科学—渔业资源]