基于能值-生态足迹模型的辽河流域生态安全演变趋势  

Research on Ecological Security of Liaohe River Basin Based on the Emergy-Ecological Footprint Model

作　　者：王耕[1,2] 王嘉丽[2] 王彦双[3,4,5] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁师范大学海洋经济与可持续发展中心,辽宁大连116029 [2]辽宁师范大学城市与环境学院,辽宁大连116029 [3]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,长春130102 [4]中国科学院湿地生态与环境重点实验室,长春130102 [5]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《地域研究与开发》2014年第1期122-128,共7页Areal Research and Development

基　　金：教育部人文社科规划基金项目(13YJA790111);辽宁省社会科学界联合会2013年度辽宁经济社会发展立项课题(2013lslktzixxjc-06)

摘　　要：鉴于生态经济系统的开放性特征,在全面分析生态系统的能量流、物质流的基础上构建了能值-生态足迹模型。采用区域能值密度计算辽河流域15个城市2001—2012年间生态承载力与生态足迹的变化,并且借助GIS技术平台探索流域内生态安全及生态赤字时空演变趋势。12年来辽河流域生态承载力和生态足迹均有所增加,但是生态足迹的增长速度远远大于生态承载力,致使流域内除2001与2009年略有生态盈余外,其余年份均出现生态赤字;生态压力指数虽在波动下降,但整体指数值仍大于1,辽河流域生态安全状况不容乐观;与东辽河地区和西辽河地区相比,辽河中下游地区生态环境状况较差,大部分地区生态安全形势严峻,并且长期出现生态赤字。In view of the openness characteristics of the ecological economic system, the emergy-footprint model has been built on the basis of analyzing the ecosystem energy flow and material flow. Combined with local re- alities, the ecological carrying capacity and ecological footprint of 15 cities in Liaohe basin have been calculated u- sing regional emergy density. At the same time, ecological security evolution trend was explored by means of GIS technology platform. The results showed that： both ecological carrying capacity and the ecological footprint have been a great increased, yet the growth speed of the ecological footprint is far greater than the ecological carrying ca- pacity. Consequently, it appeared ecological deficit in most years except for the slight ecological surplus in 2001 and 2009. Although the ecological footprint stress index has experienced a slow decline, the overall value still ex- ceeded 1, which resulted in no-safe situation in Liaohe watershed. From the space perspective, compared with the eastern and western of the Liaohe basin, eco-security of the middle and lower reaches is more serious, which be- longs to no-safety state and appears ecological deficit for a long time.

关 键 词：能值 生态足迹 生态安全 演变趋势 辽河流域 

分 类 号：X821[环境科学与工程—环境工程]