我院荨麻疹患儿体外过敏原分析  

Analysis of In Vitro Allergens in Children with Urticaria

作　　者：汪叶红[1] 李德庚[1] 王克明[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省中山市博爱医院,广东中山528403

出　　处：《中国医学创新》2014年第4期116-117,共2页Medical Innovation of China

摘　　要：目的：对本院荨麻疹患儿过敏原情况进行分析探讨。方法：采用免疫球蛋白E测定试剂盒（化学发光法）检测血清总IgE （TIgE）和Phadia公司全自动体外变应原检测系统ImmunoCAP250荧光酶联免疫法检测血清吸入物过敏原过筛查试验（Phadiatop）、食物过敏原过筛查试验（Fx5E）和特异性IgE（SIgE）。结果：193例荨麻疹患儿中，TIgE阳性率为99.3%。Phadiatop、Fx5E总计阳性率为59.8%；Phadiatop、Fx5E阳性率分别为32.1%和49.7%。SIgE显示吸入物过敏原以屋尘、粉尘螨、屋尘螨为主（47.6%），食物过敏原以牛奶、鸡蛋为主（56.3%，52.6%）。0-3岁年龄段患儿Fx5E阳性率为45.2%，明显高于Phadiatop的阳性率26.2%（P〈0.05）；〉3岁患儿中两者无明显差异（P〈0.05）。结论：荨麻疹患儿多属特应性体质，约60%与第I型变态反应有关；吸入物过敏原主要为屋尘、粉尘螨、屋尘螨，食物过敏原以牛奶、鸡蛋为主；0-3岁患儿食物过敏是其主要因素，而〉3岁患儿食物与吸入物过敏几乎均等存在。Objective：To investigate and discuss the situation of allergens in children with urticaria in our hospital. Method：Total serum immunoglobulin（TIgE）was detected by IgE ELISA kit（chemiluminescence）. Phadiatop,Fx5E and specific IgE（SIgE）were tested by fully automatic in vitro allergen detection system（ImmunoCAP250,Phadia Company）with fluorescent enzyme-linked immunoassay. Result：In 193 patients with urticaria,99.3%was detected with positive TIgE. The positive rates of Phadiatop and Fx5E were 32.1%and 49.7%separately,and the aggregate of the two rates was 59.8%. Inhalant allergens were mainly consisted of house dust and mites（47.6%）while ingested allergens were primarily composed of milk and eggs（56.3%,52.6%）. The positive rate of Fx5E was significantly higher than that of Phadiatop among children 0 to 3 years old（45.2%vs 26.2%, P〈0.05）,but which in patients aged above 3 years old had no significant difference（P〈0.05）. Conclusion：Atopic constitution is common in children with urticaria,and approximately 60%cases are related to type I hypersensitivity. Inhalant allergens are mainly composed of house dust and mites,and ingested allergens are mainly composed of milk and eggs. Ingested allergens are the most common reason for urticaria in children 0-3 years old while in children above 3-year,ingested and inhalant allergens are equally important.

关 键 词：荨麻疹 吸入物过敏原过筛试验 食物过敏原过筛试验 

分 类 号：R725.1[医药卫生—儿科]