1960—2011年秦岭南北地表干湿变化时空特征  

Spatial and temporal characteristics of surface dry-wet variations in Qinling Mountain from 1960 to 2011

作　　者：任志远[1] 李冬玉[1] 刘宪锋[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学旅游与环境学院,陕西西安710062

出　　处：《陕西师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2014年第1期81-85,共5页Journal of Shaanxi Normal University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41071057)

摘　　要：运用P-M模型、气候倾向率及相关分析等方法,分析秦岭南北近52年地表干湿变化特征及其影响因素.结果表明:(1)潜在蒸散量(ET0)和干燥度指数(I)均呈现由南向北逐渐增加的空间分布型式;(2)ET0呈下降趋势,降速为-0.314mm/a(P<0.05),其中1993年之前下降趋势显著,为-2.699mm/a(P<0.01);(3)I呈缓慢上升趋势,增速为0.022/10a,在空间上呈现中部下降、两侧上升的分布型式,上升和下降趋势区域分别占62.62%和37.38%;(4)各年代干湿分界线变化显著,20世纪90年代最干旱,21世纪干燥程度有所缓解;(5)秦岭南北地表干湿状况及干湿分界线的变化主要归因于相对湿度、日照时数及降水量的变化.Penman-Monteith model, trend analysis and correlation analysis were employed to analyze the temporal-spatial variations of surface dry-wet and its influencing factors in Qinling Mountain. The results show that （1） Potential evapotranspiration （ETo） and dry index （I） increased gradually from the south to the north in spatial; （2） As a whole, ETo decreased in Qinling Mountain with a drop rate of --0. 314 mm/a （P〈0.05）, and it decreased significantly before 1993 with a rate of --2. 699 mm/a（P〈0.01） ; （3） Dry index（I） increased slowly with a rate of 0. 022/10a. In spatial, dry index present a decreasing trend in the middle of Qinling Mountain, while an increasing trend in other part. The increasing and decreasing area occupied 62.62% and 37. 38~, respectively; （4） The boundary of dry and wet changed significantly between 1960 and 2011. It is driest in the 1990s, and the dry degree was eased in the 21 century; （5） The change of surface dry-wet was contributed to the changes Of relative humidity, sunshine hours and precipitation.

关 键 词：潜在蒸散 干湿变化 时空特征 秦岭 

分 类 号：S161.4[农业科学—农业气象学]