2012年高密市狂犬病暴露人群流行特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of rabies exposed group in Gaomi City in 2012

作　　者：李宗政[1] 张树其 高菲[1] 徐伟嘉[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省高密市疾病预防控制中心,261500

出　　处：《职业与健康》2014年第3期F0002-F0002,F0003,共2页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的了解高密市狂犬病暴露人群的流行病学特征，为制定相关防治措施提供科学依据。方法对高密市2012年的狂犬病暴露处置门诊登记册的暴露人群资料进行分析。结果2012年，高密市共接诊5672例狂犬病暴露患者。其中，男性占58．6％，女性占41．4％；0～10岁年龄组最多（24．4％），19—22岁年龄段有一个明显的低谷期；暴露患者职业中以学生和农民居多；暴露时间在5-9月的占57．4％；Ⅱ级暴露者占56．0％，III级暴露者占43．7％；接种疫苗前有伤口处理的占97％；伤口部位在上肢者占42．04％，下肢占48．2％。结论高密市狂犬病暴露人群中以0～10岁少年儿童为主，暴露人群的职业以学生和农民居多，多数居民对注射被动免疫制剂的认识不足，该市应加强狂犬病防控的健康教育。[ Objective] To understand the epidemiologieal characteristics of rabies exposed group in Gaomi City, and provide scien- tific evidence for developing related control measures. [ Methods ~ The data of rabies exposed group registered in rabies clinic of Gaomi City in 2012 were collected for analysis. [Results~ In 2012, a total of 5 672 cases of rabies were reported, among which, 58.6% were male and 41.4% were female; 24.4% aged 0-10 years, 19-22 years age group had the lowest incidence. Most cases were students and peasants. The exposure time distribution showed 57.4% in May- September. Exposed cases of Class II occupied 56.0% , Class III occupied 43.7%. The cases with wound treatment before vaccination occupied 97%. Upper limb wound accoun- ted for 42.04% , lower limb wound accounted for 48.2%. [ Conclusion] The main rabies exposed group is children aged 0-10 years, their occupations mainly are students and peasants. Most residents are lack of knowledge of passive immunization agents, therefore the health education about rabies prevention and control should be strengthened.

关 键 词：狂犬病暴露 流行病学特征 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]