中国矿井物探技术发展现状和关键问题  

Development status and key problems of Chinese mining geophysical technology

作　　者：刘盛东[1,2] 刘静[1,2] 岳建华[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学深部岩土力学与地下工程国家重点实验室,江苏徐州221116 [2]中国矿业大学资源与地球科学学院,江苏徐州221116

出　　处：《煤炭学报》2014年第1期19-25,共7页Journal of China Coal Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金委员会与神华集团有限责任公司联合资助项目(U1261202);"十二五"国家科技支撑计划资助项目(SQ2012BAJY3504-01)

摘　　要：以煤为主的能源消费结构、复杂的成煤模式和开采条件决定了中国矿井物探技术的发展具有自身特点。在总结矿井地震法、矿井电磁法为代表的矿井物探技术发展历程的基础上,立足于国内煤炭开采现状,认为当前矿井物探技术需要在全空间、多场耦合方面加强基础研究;在矿井物探装备、观测系统、反演方法等方面,应结合物联网技术、巷道钻孔组合空间,进行技术研发;矿井地震、煤层槽波、直流电法、瞬变电磁法、无线电波坑透法等是矿井物探的主要方法,这些方法需要走勘探、监测并举,多场耦合、协同解释的道路。对复杂采空区、灰岩水、煤与瓦斯突出等灾害源的探测是矿井物探面临的任务和关键问题。The development of Chinese mining geophysical technology is shaped jointly by the coal-oriented energy consumption structure, the complicated coal-forming patterns and various mining conditions. On the basis of mine geo- physical technology development represented by mine seismic method and mine electromagnetic method, it is found that the fundamental studies have to be strengthened in the respects of whole space and multi-field coupling problems in accordance with the current status of Chinese domestic coal mining. It is also necessary to research and develop new technologies to combine with Internet of things techniques and tunnel and borehole space in areas of mining geophysi- cal equipment, recording geometry, inversion methods, etc. The main methods of Chinese geophysical prospecting, which are mine seismic method, channel wave method, mine direct current method, mine transient electromagnetic method, and radio-wave penetration method, should make improvements in both exploration and monitoring, with multi- field coupling detection and joint interpretation as research emphasis. At present, the main task and key problem for us is the detection of disaster sources, such as complex goafs,limestone water and gas outburst.

关 键 词：矿井物探 煤矿灾害源 矿井地震法 矿井直流电法 矿井瞬变电磁法 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探] P315[天文地球—地质学]