临床分离的2208株病原体分布及耐药性  

Distribution and antimicrobial resistance of 2 208 clinically isolated pathogens

作　　者：黄家祥[1] 叶书来[1] 周馨[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽省立医院,安徽合肥230001

出　　处：《中国感染控制杂志》2014年第1期36-39,共4页Chinese Journal of Infection Control

摘　　要：目的 分析某院临床常见病原体分布及耐药性,为合理选用抗菌药物提供参考.方法 采用WHONET5.5软件对该院2011年1月-2012年12月临床标本分离的2 208株病原体资料进行回顾性分析.结果 2 208株病原体主要分离自痰标本（50.63%,1 118株）和尿标本（22.69%,501株）.其中革兰阴性（G-）菌1 418株（64.22%）,以大肠埃希菌（15.72%）居首位,其次为肺炎克雷伯菌（11.96%）、鲍曼不动杆菌（10.64%）和铜绿假单胞菌（9.83%）等;革兰阳性（G＋）菌577株（26.13%）,主要为金黄色葡萄球菌（11.23%）;真菌213株（9.65%）.G-杆菌对亚胺培南的敏感性较好,但鲍曼不动杆菌耐药较为严重（耐药率55.74%～74.04%）;耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）和耐甲氧西林凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌（MRCNS）分别占69.76%和87.56%,未发现对万古霉素耐药的葡萄球菌属细菌.结论 该院住院患者感染部位以呼吸道为主;病原菌耐药形势日趋严重,加强病原菌的耐药性监测,对指导临床合理使用抗菌药物及减缓多重耐药菌株形成具有重要意义.Objective To analyze the distribution and antimicrobial resistance of common pathogens isolated from a hospital, and provide reference for rational antimicrobial use. Methods Data of 2 208 pathogens from clinical speci- mens from January 2011 to December 2012 were analyzed retrospectively by WHONET5.5 software. Results A to tal of 2 208 pathogens were isolated, pathogens were mainly isolated from sputum （50. 63%, 1118/2 208）and urine （22. 69%, 501/2 208）. 1 418（64. 22%） isolates were gram negative bacteria, Eschericttia coli was the most com- mon gram-negative bacillus （ 15. 72%）, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae （11.96%）, Acinetobacter baurnannii （10. 64 %）, and Pseudomorzas aeruginosa （9. 83 % ） ; 577 （26. 13 % ） isolates were gram-positive bacteria, 11.23 % of which were Staphylococcus aureus; 213（9. 65 %） isolates were fungi. Gram-negative bacilli were sensitive to imipen- era, but resistance of Acinetobacter baurnannii was serious（resistant rate was 55.74 % - 74. 04 % ）. The percentage of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant coagulase negative Staphylococcus was 69. 76 %and 87. 56% respectively, no Staphylococcus spp. isolates was found to be resistant to vaneomycin. Conclusion The main infection site of patients in this hospital is respiratory tract; antimicrobial resistance of pathogens is seri ous, intensified surveillance on antimicrobial resistance is important to guide rational use of antimicrobial agents and reduce multidrug resistant strain.

关 键 词：病原菌 耐药监测 抗药性 微生物 抗菌药物 医院感染 合理用药 

分 类 号：R181.32[医药卫生—流行病学]