施鸡粪对板结土壤理化性质及巨峰葡萄荧光特性的影响  

Effects of Chicken Manture on Physicochemical Properties of Compacted Soil and Fluorescence Characteristics of Kyoho

作　　者：林则双[1] 张志东[1] 吴林[1] 李亚东[1] 刘洪章[1] 王连君[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学园艺学院,吉林长春130118

出　　处：《黑龙江农业科学》2014年第2期41-44,共4页Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：土壤板结的葡萄园树势较弱,结果能力较差,为了使巨峰葡萄正常生长结果,对八年生巨峰葡萄园秋施腐熟鸡粪,研究了不同施用量对土壤理化性状和葡萄叶片叶绿素荧光参数的影响。结果表明:施入鸡粪进行土壤改良后,板结土壤葡萄园的土壤理化性质和肥力产生了较大的有益改变;原初光能转换效率(Fv/Fm)为处理J3(90m3·hm-2)>J2(60m3·hm-2)>J1(30m3·hm-2)>CK(0);PI为处理J2>J3>J1>CK,3个处理变化趋势相同,都随着强光、高温的出现表现出不同程度的光抑制;单位反应中心所捕获的能量(TRo/RC)表现为处理J2>J1>J3>CK,且TRo/RC的日变化从早上开始随着温度和光强的增加而不断增大;电子传递的能量(ETo/RC)大小与施肥量呈正相关,随着施肥量增加光合电子传递的能力增强。单位反应中心耗散能量(DIo/RC)表现为CK>J3>J1>J2。研究得出,在土壤板结的巨峰葡萄园适宜施肥量为60m3·hm-2。The growth potential of vine was weak and poor fruit setting in the compacted soil ,the chicken ma-nure was applied in vineyard with 8-year-old Kyoho for normal growth and set fruit ,soil physicochemical prop-erties and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of Kyoho were studied .The results showed that soil physico-chemical properties and fertility were improved after applying chicken manure .The net efficiency conversion of primary light energy（Fv/Fm）was J3（90 m3·hm-2 ）〉J2（60 m3·hm-2 ）〉J1（30 m3·hm-2 ）〉CK（0）;PI was J2〉J3〉 J1〉CK ,the trend of three treatments were same ,different degrees of photo inhibition were showed with the emergence of strong light ,high temperature at noon ;the diurnal variation of net trapped energy flux per RC （TRo/RC）showed J2〉 J1〉 J3〉CK ,the diurnal variation of the TRo/RC was increasing with temperature and light intensity since morning ;the diurnal variation of net electron transport flux per RC （ETo/RC）was positive-ly correlated with fertilizer ,which was enhanced with the increasing of fertilizer rate .The diurnal variation of net dissipated energy flux per RC （DIo/RC）was CK〉J3〉J1〉J2 .It founded that the suitable fertilizer was 60 m3 ·hm-2 for compacted soil in vineyard .

关 键 词：鸡粪 葡萄园 板结土壤 理化性质 荧光特性 巨峰葡萄 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]