ICU成人患者镇痛药物的使用:阿片类及其他  

The Use of Analgesics in Adult Patient in Intensive Care Unit:Opioid Analgesics and the Others

作　　者：袁世荧[1,2] 许丹[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院重症医学科 [2]华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院麻醉与危重病学教研室,湖北武汉430022

出　　处：《医学与哲学（B）》2013年第12期19-22,44,共5页Medicine & Philosophy(B)

摘　　要：ICU患者经历着各种各样的疼痛,镇痛治疗对于ICU患者至关重要。目前可用于ICU成年患者的镇痛药物很多,主要有阿片类镇痛药、解热镇痛抗炎药和对某些特殊疼痛状态有效的药物。阿片类药物仍是非神经性疼痛的一线用药,使用最多的是阿片受体激动药,包括吗啡、芬太尼、舒芬太尼、瑞芬太尼等,其中舒芬太尼、瑞芬太尼在国内ICU中使用经验不多;阿片受体部分激动药在国内ICU使用很少,包括喷他佐辛、地佐辛等;非甾体类镇痛药在国内ICU使用也很少,包括氟比洛芬酯、帕瑞昔布等。本文旨在简单介绍舒芬太尼、瑞芬太尼、部分阿片受体激动剂及非甾体类镇痛药在ICU的应用。The patients in intensive care unit （ICU） experienced There are many kinds of analgesics which can be used for the a variety of pain, so analgesic therapy is essential for them. adult patients in ICU, including the opioid analgesics; the non--steroidal anti--inflammatory drugs and the drugs which are effective for some special pain. The opioid analgesics are still one--line treatment of the non--neuropathic pain. The opioid receptor agonist are used most frequently, including Morphine, Fentanyl, Sufentanil, Remifentanil and so on. In our country, there is little experience in using Sufentanil and Remifentanil, Also, there is little experience in using the opioid receptor partial agonist（include Pentazocine and Dezocine） and the non--steroidal anti--inflammatory drugs（include Flurbiprofen Axetil, Parecoxib, et al）. This article aims to briefly describe the use of Sufentanil, Remifentanil, some opioid agonists and non--steroidal analgesics in the ICU.

关 键 词：重症加强治疗病房 镇痛药 阿片类镇痛药 非甾体类抗炎药 

分 类 号：R459.7[医药卫生—急诊医学] R971.3[医药卫生—治疗学]