典型沙尘回流天气过程对北京市空气质量影响的特征分析  

Impact characteristics of a typical dust backflow weather on the air quality in Beijing

作　　者：徐文帅[1] 李云婷[1] 孙瑞雯[1] 董欣[1] 邱启鸿[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市环境保护监测中心,北京100048

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2014年第2期297-302,共6页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：北京市科委绿色通道项目(No.Z131100006113009)~~

摘　　要：利用不同方位监测数据和气象资料,结合后向轨迹模型和激光雷达观测结果,对2011年3月18—21日北京市空气污染过程的天气形势、沙尘输送路径、污染物浓度的变化特征进行了分析.结果表明,这次污染过程主要是由于沙尘在上游沙源地起沙后先直接输送穿过北京,然后停留在渤海湾和朝鲜半岛区域,在渤海弱高压系统作用下,沙尘又回流至北京所致,其中,沙尘回流直接造成北京市空气质量达到重度污染天气.在沙尘回流影响过程中,PM10浓度呈现青龙山-北京市区-八达岭逐步升高的变化特征,国控站点PM10小时浓度持续16 h超过350μg·m-3,最大值达到571μg·m-3.SO2、NO2与PM10的小时浓度表现为同步变化规律,沙尘回流影响时,除了沙尘粒子外,周边地区的人为排放也是一个重要因素.An air pollution episode occurred in Beijing from 18 to 21 March 2011. This study analyzed the synoptic situation, transport pathway of dust, and variation characteristics of air pollutant concentration with pollutants and meteorological measurement data, lidar observation and a backward trajectory model. Results showed that after lifted up at the source regions, the sand-dust first transported through Beijing, then stuck at Bohai Bay and Korean peninsula. Pushed by the Bohai weak high pressure system, the sand-dust flew back to Beijing and led to severe air pollution. During the backflow process, the increase of PMxo firstly appeared in the east of Beijing, then moved to the central urban area, and arrived the west of Beijing finally. The concentration of PMIo was above 350μg·m^-3 for consecutive 16 hours, with the maximum value up to 571 μg·m^-3. The handy concentration of SO2 and NO2 changed synchronously with PM10. In addition to the contribution of sand-dust during the backflow pollution process, anthropogenic emissions from surrounding areas were another important factor.

关 键 词：空气质量 沙尘回流 重污染 PM10 输送 北京市 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]