两头人工饲养南瓶鼻海豚的病理解剖及死因分析  

Pathological anatomy and analysis of death causes for two southern bottlenose dolphins(Tursiops aduncus) in captivity

作　　者：王先艳[1] 徐信荣[2] 陈钟华 汪正飞[2] 许敏[1,4] 闫士华[1,4] 祝茜[1,4] 

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局第三海洋研究所,厦门361005 [2]南京师范大学生命科学学院,南京210097 [3]厦门中华白海豚自然保护区管理处,厦门361005 [4]山东大学海洋学院,威海264209

出　　处：《兽类学报》2014年第1期100-104,共5页Acta Theriologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41206159);国家海洋局海洋公益性资助项目(201105011);海洋三所基本科研业务费(海三科2011007);福建省自然科学基金资助项目(2010J05075)

摘　　要：南瓶鼻海豚（Tursiops aduncus）是我国二级重点保护的水生哺乳动物，属于鲸目（Cetacea），海豚科（Delphinidae），瓶鼻海豚属（Tursiops）（MollerandBeheregaray，2001；WellsandScott，2002）。南瓶鼻海豚是人工主要饲养的鲸类品种之一（刘仁俊等，2002；Zhangeta1．，2012）。2011年4月30日，厦门市小嶝岛休闲渔村从福建东山引进两头南瓶鼻海豚进行人工饲养。On May 8th, 2013, we implemented pathological anatomy and external morphological measurements of two dead southern bottlenose dolphins （Tursiops aduncus） , which were raised in Xiaodeng Recreational Fishing Village, Xia- men, to investigate the causes of their death. These two dolphins （ Nos. 1 and 2） were males. The body lengths and weights were 242 em and 130 kg for dolphin No. 1, and 240. 7 cm and 125 kg for dolphin No. 2, respectively. Their subcutaneous abdominal fat layers were 3 mm and 5 mm thick, respectively. No fatal pathological changes were detected in viscera organs such as hearts, livers, spleens, lungs, kidneys, testis, epididymides, etc. However, we found 9. 5 kg ulva （ Ulva lactu- ca） mixed with mud in the fore-stomach of dolphin No. 1, while there were 5.5 kg plastic packaging bags, swimming caps, stones, ete, in the fore-stomach of dolphin No. 2. Therefore, the deaths of these two dolphins could be due to the fact that foreign matter choked up their fore-stomachs, making them unable to feed and digest normally for a relatively long time, thereby starving them to death.

关 键 词：南瓶鼻海豚 人工饲养 死亡 病理解剖 死因分析 

分 类 号：S864[农业科学—野生动物驯养]