池州市沿江低丘钉螺空间分布型及抽样技术的研究  

Spatial distribution pattern and sampling model of Oncomelania hupensis fausti Bartsch in the low hill area along the Yangtze River in Chizhou city

作　　者：何小定[1] 秦金舟[1] 陈晓娟[1] 袁梦[1] 刘桂华[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学林学与园林学院,合肥230036

出　　处：《安徽农业大学学报》2014年第1期60-65,共6页Journal of Anhui Agricultural University

基　　金："十二五"科技支撑(2011BAD38B0702)资助

摘　　要：采用生物种群空间分布型测定方法,对池州沿江低丘的钉螺空间分布型进行了研究。结果表明:(1)钉螺平均密度为每0.11m2 0.77只,密度分布规律为河滩﹥沟渠﹥水田﹥荒地﹥旱地﹥滩地杨树林地,河滩与其他5种土地利用类型的钉螺密度间存在极显著差异;另外,钉螺分布的变异系数(CV)大小规律为滩地杨树林地﹥旱地﹥荒地﹥水田﹥沟渠﹥河滩。(2)滩地杨树林地、河滩、荒地和沟渠中的钉螺空间分布型为聚集分布,旱地和水田则分别为均匀分布和随机分布,而钉螺在整个研究区域呈聚集分布中的负二项分布,其公共K值为2.1964。(3)钉螺聚集的原因主要是由于某些环境因素所引起,且个体间相互排斥,密度(m)为每0.11 m2 2.8505只可以作为判别钉螺聚集原因的临界值。(4)建立了允许误差分别为0.1、0.2及0.3时的Iwao理论抽样数模型和估计种群密度的零频率模型。The spatial distribution pattern of Oncomelania hup.ensis fausti Bartsch was studied by using methods for determination of spatial distribution pattern of biological population in the low hill area along the Yangtze River, Chizhou city. The results were as follows： （1） Under the average snail density of 0.77/0.1 lm2, snail density showed the regularity of beach 〉 canal 〉 paddy field 〉 wasteland 〉 dry land 〉 bottomland poplar forest land, and the snail density between beach and the others had extremely significant difference through ANOVA. In addition, CV of snail distribution exhibited the order of bottomland poplar forest land 〉 dry land 〉 wasteland 〉 paddy field 〉 canal 〉 beach. （2） The spatial distribution pattern of snail showed the aggregated distribution in bot-tomland poplar forest land, beach, wasteland and canal, which were uniform distribution and random distribution in dry land and paddy field, respectively. More importantly, the spatial distribution pattern of snail presented the negative binomial distribution which belonged to aggregated distribution in the whole study area, and its common K-value was 2.1964. （3） The aggregation of snail was mainly caused by some environmental factors, and mutual exclusiveness existed in the individuals. From the analysis result, snail density （2.8505/0.1 lm2） could be a critical value which was used to discriminate its reasons for aggregation. （4） Iwao＇s theoretical sampling models which corresponded to 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 about permissible error were set up and zero frequency model which estimated the population density was also established.

关 键 词：池州市 低丘区 钉螺 空间分布型 负二项分布 抽样模型 

分 类 号：Q958.15[生物学—动物学] R383.24[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学]