巢湖地区水稻氮肥利用率和最大经济效益施氮量的研究  

Nitrogen use efficiency and optimal N application rate of rice in Chaohu Lake region

作　　者：晏娟[1] 方舒[1] 杨绳岩[1] 梁华金 

机构地区：[1]巢湖学院化学化工与生命科学学院,合肥238000 [2]合肥市农业科学研究院,合肥238014

出　　处：《安徽农业大学学报》2014年第1期105-109,共5页Journal of Anhui Agricultural University

基　　金：安徽省高等学校省级自然科学研究项目(KJ2012Z270);巢湖学院博士科研启动基金项目共同资助

摘　　要：田间条件下，对皖稻52和宁粳3号在不同施氮水平（0、60、120、180、240和300kg·hm-2）下的产量、氮素吸收、累积及利用率进行研究。结果表明，施氮量超过180kg·hm-2后，水稻产量增加较少，超过240kg·hm-2，水稻产量开始下降。当施氮量从60kg·hm-2增加到300kg·hm-2，皖稻52和宁粳3号的氮肥表观利用率（REN）分别为75．1％～49．4％和62．1％～50．2％；氮肥农学利用率（AEN）也随施氮量的增加而显著下降，为17.3～7．33kg·kg-1和16．8～8．64kg·kg-1。通过拟合水稻产量、经济效益与施氮量的回归方程计算，水稻皖稻52和宁粳3号的最大经济效益施氮量分别为178kg·hm-2和190kg·hm-2。此时，水稻可维持较高的产量和保持较高的氮肥利用率。A field experiment with six N rate treatments, i.e. 0, 60, 120, 180, 240 and 300 kg/hm2 was conducted to study effects of N application rate on crop yield, uptake, accumulation, and use efficiency of N by rice cultivar Wandao 52 and Ningjing 3. The result showed the rice yield response to added N was very low when the N application rate exceeded 180 kg.hm-2, and the rice production began to decline when the N application rate was more than 240 kg.hm2. When N application rate increased from 60 up to 300 kg.hm-2, the nitrogen apparent recovery efficiency （REN） declined from 75.1% to 49.4% for Wandao 52, and from 62.1% to 50.2% for Ningjing 3, and the corresponding nitrogen agronomy efficiency （AEy） was 17.3-7.33 kg.kg-1 and 16.8-8.64 kg.kg-1 for Wandao 52 and Ningjing 3, respectively. The experiment results suggest that the optimal N application rate is 178 and 190 kg.hm-2 for Wandao 52 and Ningjing 3, respectively, to maintain a better grain yield and a better nitrogen use efficiency.

关 键 词：施氮量 水稻 氮肥利用率 最大经济效益施氮量 

分 类 号：S147.2[农业科学—肥料学] S511[农业科学—农业基础科学]