膜-生物反应器处理高盐废水膜面污染物特性研究  

Membrane Surface Fouling Properties in MBRs for High-Salinity Wastewater Treatment

作　　者：李彬[1] 王志伟[1] 安莹[2] 吴志超[1] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学环境科学与工程学院、污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室,上海200092 [2]上海电力学院环境与化学工程学院,上海200090

出　　处：《环境科学》2014年第2期643-650,共8页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAJ21B05);上海市科学技术委员会科研计划项目(11231200400)

摘　　要：研究MBR在低有机负荷条件下处理高盐废水的膜面污染物特征.结果表明,稳定运行121 d后,MBR对有机物和NH+4-N去除率稳定,出水效果良好;污泥性质发生较大变化,挥发性固体含量(VSS)/固体含量(SS)的下降,污泥体积指数(SVI)下降,表明污泥中无机成分含量增加,絮体更为紧密,沉降性能变好;污泥溶解性微生物产物(SMP)和胞外聚合物(EPS)成分发生较大变化,蛋白质所占比例降低,腐殖酸所占比例增加;扫描电子显微镜-X射线能谱仪(SEM-EDX)结果表明膜面存在无机污染物,其主要组成元素为Na、Al、Mg、Ca、K、Fe、Ti、Cr、W、Si和Cl;凝胶过滤色谱(GFC)分析表明,SMP中的大分子有机物被膜截留并累积是形成膜污染的原因之一;傅立叶红外(FTIR)光谱和三维荧光光谱(EEM)分析表明,膜面有机污染物的主要成分为糖类、蛋白质和腐殖酸;膜污染物组分质量分析说明在处理高盐废水时无机膜污染不可忽略.The properties of membrane foulants in MBR treating high-salinity wastewater were studied. Results showed that the removal efficiency of organics and NH4 -N was stable and high-quality effluent was obtained after the operation time of 121 d; the ratio of VSS/ SS decreased and SV! declined at the same time, indicating that the inorganic content of sludge increased which might lead to more compact flocs and higher settling ability; SMP and EPS of the sludge were largely changed with a lower proportion of protein and a higher proportion of humic acid. Scanning electron microscope-energy diffusive X-ray analyzer （SEM-EDX） demonstrated that Na, A1, Mg, Ca, K, Fe, Ti, Cr, W, Si and C1 were the major inorganic elements in membrane foulants; Gel filtration chromatography （GFC） illustrated that there were organic matters with high molecular weight trapped by membrane and formed the membrane foulants ; Fourier transform infrared （FTIR） spectroscopy and Excitation emission matrix （EEM） fluoresce spectroscopy discovered that carbohydrates, protein and humic acid were the main content of organics in membrane foulants. ; quantitative analysis of membrane foulants showed that the amount of inorganic membrane foulants were significant when treating high-salinity wastewater.

关 键 词：膜-生物反应器 平板膜 膜污染 高盐废水 污水处理 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]