新溶剂法纤维素纤维开发概况与展望  

Development survey and outlook of new solvent process regenerated cellulose fibers

作　　者：孙玉山[1] 徐纪刚[1] 李昭锐[1] 程春祖[1] 张均[1] 李晓俊[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国纺织科学研究院生物源纤维制造技术国家重点实验室,北京100025

出　　处：《纺织学报》2014年第2期126-132,共7页Journal of Textile Research

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAE11B02)

摘　　要：从长远发展角度,新溶剂法纤维素纤维将从根本上解决粮棉争地问题,成为未来纤维材料的大宗品种。在已开发的新溶剂法技术中,Lyocell纤维近年将在国内外形成年产30万t左右的生产规模,并在未来专用浆粕和溶剂量产后迎来高速发展期。碱/尿素水溶液溶剂体系需着重解决凝固过程中氢键制约大分子拉伸取向问题;纤维素氨基甲酸酯/NaOH水溶液体系需通过工艺完善,使纤维性能和技术经济指标达到粘胶纤维的水平;离子液体溶剂体系可先开发功能性纤维;磷酸溶剂体系需重点解决降解控制和溶剂回收问题,以实现低成本和环保生产。From a long-term development point of view, the solvent process regenerated cellulose fibers will radically resolve the collision problem of land occupation between grain and cotton, and become a staple variety of future fiber materials. The production scale of Lyocell fiber will reach about 300 thousand tons per year worldwide in recent years and be in a high speed developing period after quantity production of specialized cellulose pulp and solvent in the future. For alkali / urea aqueous solvents, the key issue is to resolve the problem that the hydrogen bond forms in the coagulating process, which restricts the drawing orientation of the macromolecules. For cellulose carbamate / NaOH aqueous solution system, the technological parameters need to be optimized to reach the level of viscose fibers in performance and technologic and economic indexes. For ionic liquid solvent system, the functional fibers can be developed for the early stage. For phosphoric acid solvent system, stress should be placed on resolving the problems on degradation control and solvent recovery, in order to realize low cost and environmental friendly production.

关 键 词：纤维素纤维 新溶剂 概况 展望 

分 类 号：TS131.9[轻工技术与工程—纺织材料与纺织品设计]