社区老年人健康自我管理及一般自我效能感影响因素  

Influential factors of health self-management and perceived self-efficacy in community elders

作　　者：冯丽娜[1] 陈长香[1] 李淑杏[1] 李丹[1] 郝英秀[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北联合大学护理与康复学院,河北唐山063000

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2014年第2期135-138,共4页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：国家社会科学基金(12BRK017)

摘　　要：目的分析河北省唐山市社区老年人健康自我管理及一般自我效能影响因素,为完善社区健康自我管理提供科学依据。方法采用自编一般人口学调查表、成年人健康自我管理能力测评量表及一般自我效能感量表对唐山市社区1 500名≥60岁老年人进行问卷调查。结果老年人健康自我管理行为、健康自我管理环境、健康自我管理认知评分分别为(54.87±9.506)、(40.36±7.352)、(61.65±6.207)分,一般自我效能评分为(25.09±5.893)分,多元线性回归分析显示,社区老年人健康自我管理行为、健康自我管理环境、健康自我管理认知的影响因素均为婚姻状况、有无固定收入、健康状况、文化程度(P均<0.05);社区老年人一般自我效能的影响因素为性别、有无固定收入、健康状况、文化程度(P均<0.05)。结论唐山市社区老年人健康自我管理能力与一般自我效能均处于中等及偏上水平,影响因素复杂,应注重社区健康管理。Objective To analyze the influential factors of health self-management and general self-efficacy among community elders in Tangshan city and to provide scientific basis to improve community health self-management. Meth- ods Investigations were carded out among 1 500 elderly people aged 60 years and above in communities of Tang shan city using a self-designed general demographic questionnaire, Adult Health Self-Management Skills Assessment Scale （AHSMSRS） and General Self-Efficacy Scale（GSES）. Results The score for health self-management behavior, health self-management environment,and health self-management awareness were 54. 87 ± 9. 506,40. 36 ± 7. 352, and 61.65 ± 6. 207 ,respectively, and the general self-efficacy score was 25.09 ± 5. 893 among the elderly. Multiple linear regression analyses showed that marital status, whether having fixed income, health status, and education level were influential fac- tors of health self-management behavior, health self-management environment, and health self-management awareness in the community elders with statistical significance （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Gender, whether having fixed income, health status, and ed- ucation were influential factors of the general self-efficacy in the community elders, with statistical significance （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusion Health self-management and general self-efficacy of the community elderly in Tangshan are at midium and high level and are influenced by complex factors. Special concern should be paid to community-based health management.

关 键 词：社区 老年人 健康自我管理 影响因素 

分 类 号：R161.7[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]