细胞核起源研究的意义和研究途径的探讨  

The Significance of Studying the Origin of the Cell Nucleus and the Way for Studying

作　　者：李靖炎[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院昆明动物研究所细胞与分子进化开放研究实验室,昆明650223

出　　处：《Zoological Research》2001年第1期77-82,共6页动物学研究（英文）

摘　　要：细胞核的起源是真核细胞进化形成的关键。回顾了过去几十年国内外对细胞核起源问题的探索历程。通过多年的摸索找到了一条切实可行的探索细胞核起源问题的途径。其要点是 :在一系列的进化环节中首先抓住原始性的细胞核这一重要环节 ,探明原始性细胞核的特性 ,解决了从原始核到典型细胞核的进化问题 ,原始性细胞核自身的起源问题也就有了基础。为探察原始性细胞核的特性 ,需要在现存的原生生物中间寻找最原始的类群 ,然后对它们的细胞核进行尽可能深入地和多方面地研究 ,对所得结果作进化地分析 ,以期提出一个原始性细胞核的模型。依据这个模型也就可以对典型细胞核的进化形成和原始核自身的起源作出推论。而这些推论是可以设法加以检验的。不仅可以检验这些推论的正确性 ,而且对原始核模型的建立也是重要的 ,可以据之加以发展 ,修正 ,甚至否定。沿此途径已经否定了原始性细胞核的涡鞭毛虫核模型 。The cell nucleus as the controller of all genetic and physiological activities within the cell,is the most prominent marker of eukaryotic cells.The formation of the cell nucleus is the key event during the origin of eukaryotic cells.The first appearance of the primitive cell nucleus indicates the emergence of the first eukaryotic cell.The research on the origin of the cell nucleus not only enriches the modern cell biology and evolutionary biology,but might also even influence the further development of the molecular cell biology by stimulating cell biologists to consider the significance of the viewpoint of evolution to cell researches. However,for a long time,on the origin of the cell nucleus there were only several reckless and assumptions and a few earnest efforts which were unsuccessful or only indirectly related to the formation of the nucleus.One of the main reasons for this situation seems to be the lack of a practical way for the study. Through searching for a long time we found a way.The essential point of the way is to consider the comprehension of the primitive nucleus as the key link for understanding the whole process of and early evolution of the cell nucleus.We have already known that the prokaryotic ancestor of eukaryotes must be one kind of ancient archaea (Li,1999).The primitive cell nucleus should be an intermediate link between the archaeal nucleoid and the typical cell nucleus.In order to obtain some features of the original nucleus,We'd better study the most primitive protists we can find today and investigate all aspects of their cell nucleus thoroughly.Then,combined with the present knowledge on archaea we would be able to propose a hypothetical model for the primitive cell nucleus,and arrange various possible experiments to examine it from various aspects in order to test,to modify,to improve it,or replace it with a new one.Along this way,we would finally obtain a convincing model of the primitive cell nucleus.Then,combined the model with the present knowledge on archaea,protists and eu

关 键 词：细胞核 起源 早期进化 原始核 

分 类 号：Q21[生物学—细胞生物学]